Genetic Test Report Library

Twelve worked neurogenetic scenarios across pathogenic, VUS, carrier, structural, and special variant types. Each is rendered as a realistic lab report; click any field to reveal a teaching annotation.

Pathogenic

P

De novo pathogenic missense — SCN1A

Missense · de novo

Single-hit autosomal-dominant diagnosis. How "de novo" earns PS2.

introOpen →

Pathogenic

P

Compound heterozygous pathogenic variants — POLG

Compound het · in trans

Two P variants in trans confirm a recessive diagnosis. Why phase matters.

intermediateOpen →

Pathogenic

P

De novo frameshift — SYNGAP1

Frameshift · de novo · LoF

How loss-of-function in a haploinsufficient gene earns PVS1.

introOpen →

Pathogenic

P

Canonical splice acceptor — ATM

Splice ±1 · canonical

Why ±1/±2 splice variants are PVS1 but +5 variants need more evidence.

intermediateOpen →

Structural

P

Partial gene deletion — DMD

Exonic CNV · X-linked

Reading-frame rule: which DMD deletions cause Duchenne vs Becker?

intermediateOpen →

Structural

P

Homozygous deletion — SMN1

Homozygous CNV · AR

How an AR diagnosis lands without any HGVS c. notation. SMN2 modifier.

intermediateOpen →

Carrier

Carrier

Single heterozygous variant in AR gene — carrier status

Single het · AR gene

One het hit in an AR gene = carrier, not diagnosis. Reproductive counseling.

introOpen →

VUS

VUS

Missense VUS — CACNA1A

Missense · VUS · unknown origin

The baseline VUS: novel missense + unknown origin. Why parental testing is the path forward.

introOpen →

VUS

P

P + VUS in trans (AR gene) — "do we have a diagnosis?"

Compound · P + VUS · in trans

When phenotype + trans-with-P pull a VUS toward LP. PM3, segregation, and how the case story matters.

advancedOpen →

VUS

VUS

Synonymous variant at exon boundary — predicted splice impact

Synonymous · SpliceAI 0.86 · VUS

Synonymous ≠ benign. SpliceAI evidence as PP3. How RNA studies would resolve.

advancedOpen →

Special

P

CAG repeat expansion — HTT

Repeat expansion · AD · anticipation

No HGVS c. notation — threshold-based pathogenicity and anticipation.

intermediateOpen →

Special

P

Mitochondrial m.3243A>G with heteroplasmy reporting

mtDNA · heteroplasmy · maternal

Heteroplasmy %, tissue variability, and why maternal inheritance is not "from the mother in the normal sense".

advancedOpen →