ZBTB21

Chr 21

zinc finger and BTB domain containing 21

Also known as: ZNF295

The ZBTB21 protein acts as a transcription repressor that binds DNA and regulates gene expression by inhibiting RNA polymerase II transcription. Mutations cause autosomal dominant intellectual disability with variable features including developmental delay, seizures, and behavioral abnormalities. This gene is highly constrained against loss-of-function variants, indicating that ZBTB21 haploinsufficiency is likely not tolerated in the general population.

Summary from RefSeq, UniProt
Research Assistant →
0
Active trials
1
Pubs (1 yr)
82
P/LP submissions
0%
P/LP missense
0.25
LOEUF· LoF intol.
LOF
Mechanism· predicted
Clinical SummaryZBTB21
Population Constraint (gnomAD)
Highly constrained gene — heterozygous loss-of-function variants are very rare in the population (pLI 1.00). One damaged copy is likely sufficient to cause disease.
📋
ClinVar Variants
77 unique Pathogenic / Likely Pathogenic· 155 VUS of 250 total submissions

Population Genetics & Constraint

gnomAD v4 — loss-of-function & missense intolerance

LoF intolerant — likely haploinsufficient
LoF Constraint
0.25LOEUF
pLI 0.998
Z-score 4.67
OE 0.10 (0.040.25)
Highly constrained

Highly LoF-intolerant (top ~10% of genes)

Missense Constraint
0.51Z-score
OE missense 0.94 (0.881.01)
548 obs / 582.8 exp
Tolerant

Mild missense constraint

Observed / Expected Ratios
LoF OE0.10 (0.040.25)
00.351.4
Missense OE0.94 (0.881.01)
00.61.4
Synonymous OE1.13
01.21.6
LoF obs/exp: 3 / 31.1Missense obs/exp: 548 / 582.8Syn Z: -1.58
DN
0.2798th %ile
GOF
0.2398th %ile
LOF
0.79top 5%

The highest-scoring mechanism for this gene is loss-of-function (haploinsufficiency).

LOFprediction above median · LOEUF 0.25

Predictions from Badonyi M, Marsh JA. PLoS ONE. 2024;19(8):e0307312. Mechanism ranking also informed by gnomAD constraint, ClinVar, and ClinGen data.

ClinVar Variant Classifications

250 submitted variants in ClinVar

Classification Summary

Pathogenic75
Likely Pathogenic2
VUS155
Likely Benign9
Conflicting1
75
Pathogenic
2
Likely Pathogenic
155
VUS
9
Likely Benign
1
Conflicting

Curated Variants Distribution

Classified variants from ClinVar · 5 ACMG categories

ClassificationLoFMissense + InframeNon-codingSynonymousTotal
Pathogenic
0
0
75
0
75
Likely Pathogenic
0
0
2
0
2
VUS
0
149
6
0
155
Likely Benign
0
6
1
2
9
Benign
0
0
0
0
0
Conflicting
1
Total0155842242

LoF = frameshift, stop gained/lost, canonical splice · Counts from ClinVar esearch · Updated hourly

View in ClinVar →

Protein Context — Lollipop Plot

ZBTB21 · protein map & ClinVar variants

Showing all ClinVar variants across the protein. Search a specific variant to highlight its position.

Clinical Trials

Active and recruiting trials from ClinicalTrials.gov

No active trials found for this gene.

Search ClinicalTrials.gov →
Clinical Literature
Open Research Assistant →
Key Publications
Landmark & review papers · by relevance
PubMed
Top 1 results · since 2015Search PubMed ↗