TRIML1
Chr 4tripartite motif family like 1
Also known as: RNF209
The protein functions as a probable E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase that plays an important role in early embryonic development, specifically blastocyst development. Mutations in TRIML1 cause autosomal recessive developmental and epileptic encephalopathy with microcephaly, presenting in early infancy with seizures and severe developmental delays. This gene is highly intolerant to loss-of-function variants, indicating that complete loss of protein function is likely incompatible with normal development.
Population Genetics & Constraint
gnomAD v4 — loss-of-function & missense intolerance
Highly tolerant — LoF variants common in population
Tolerant to missense variation
This gene has evidence for multiple mechanisms of pathogenicity (dominant-negative and gain-of-function). Both the Badonyi & Marsh prediction and the broader genomic evidence point to dominant-negative as the predominant mechanism. Different variants in this gene may act through different mechanisms — interpret in context of the specific variant.
Note: In-silico variant effect predictors (SIFT, PolyPhen, REVEL, CADD) may underestimate pathogenicity of missense variants in genes with GOF or DN mechanisms. Consider functional evidence and clinical context.
Predictions from Badonyi M, Marsh JA. PLoS ONE. 2024;19(8):e0307312.
ClinVar Variant Classifications
235 submitted variants in ClinVar
Classification Summary
Curated Variants Distribution
Classified variants from ClinVar · 5 ACMG categories
| Classification | LoF | Missense + Inframe | Non-coding | Synonymous | Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Pathogenic | 0 | 0 | 98 | 0 | 98 |
Likely Pathogenic | 0 | 0 | 11 | 0 | 11 |
VUS | 0 | 69 | 26 | 0 | 95 |
Likely Benign | 0 | 2 | 17 | 0 | 19 |
Benign | 0 | 0 | 4 | 0 | 4 |
Conflicting | — | 2 | |||
| Total | 0 | 71 | 156 | 0 | 229 |
LoF = frameshift, stop gained/lost, canonical splice · Counts from ClinVar esearch · Updated hourly
View in ClinVar →Protein Context — Lollipop Plot
TRIML1 · protein map & ClinVar variants
Showing all ClinVar variants across the protein. Search a specific variant to highlight its position.
External Resources
Links to major genomics databases and tools
Clinical Trials
Active and recruiting trials from ClinicalTrials.gov
No active trials found for this gene.
Search ClinicalTrials.gov →External Resources
Links to major genomics databases and tools