TRIM31

Chr 6

tripartite motif containing 31

Also known as: C6orf13, HCG1, HCGI, RNF

NCBI Gene: 11074ENSG00000204616UniProt: Q9BZY9

This gene encodes a protein that functions as an E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase. This gene shows altered expression in certain tumors and may be a negative regulator of cell growth. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Jan 2016]

78
ClinVar variants
6
Pathogenic / LP
0.00
pLI score
0
Active trials
Clinical Summary— TRIM31
⚡
Population Constraint (gnomAD)
Low constraint (pLI 0.00) — loss-of-function variants are relatively tolerated in the population.
📋
ClinVar Variants
6 Pathogenic / Likely Pathogenic· 55 VUS of 78 total submissions

Population Genetics & Constraint

gnomAD v4 — loss-of-function & missense intolerance

gnomAD
Tolerant — LoF & missense variants common in population
LoF Constraint?LOEUF (Loss-of-function Observed/Expected Upper bound Fraction) is the upper bound of the 90% CI for LoF OE — the preferred gnomAD v4 metric. Lower = more intolerant to LoF. LOEUF < 0.35 = highly constrained.
1.04LOEUF
pLI 0.000
Z-score 1.43
OE 0.63 (0.40–1.04)
Tolerant

Highly tolerant — LoF variants common in population

Missense Constraint?Missense Z-score: standard deviations fewer missense variants observed vs. expected. Z > 3.09 (p < 0.001) = gene does not tolerate missense variation. OE missense < 0.6 is also considered constrained.
0.35Z-score
OE missense 0.93 (0.83–1.05)
205 obs / 219.4 exp
Tolerant

Mild missense constraint

Observed / Expected Ratios?Shaded band = 90% confidence interval. Vertical tick = point estimate. Grey threshold line = gnomAD constraint cutoff for that variant class.
LoF OE?Ratio of observed to expected LoF variants. Upper CI bound (LOEUF) ≤ 0.35 = strong LoF constraint signal.0.63 (0.40–1.04)
0≤0.351.4
Missense OE?Ratio of observed to expected missense variants. OE ≤ 0.6 = fewer missense variants than expected by chance.0.93 (0.83–1.05)
0≤0.61.4
Synonymous OE?Control metric — synonymous variants are largely neutral and expected near OE = 1.0. Significant deviation may indicate annotation issues.0.81
0≤1.21.6
LoF obs/exp: 11 / 17.5Missense obs/exp: 205 / 219.4Syn Z: 1.41

ClinVar Variant Classifications

78 submitted variants in ClinVar

ClinVar

Classification Summary

Pathogenic5
Likely Pathogenic1
VUS55
Likely Benign6
Benign8
Conflicting3
5
Pathogenic
1
Likely Pathogenic
55
VUS
6
Likely Benign
8
Benign
3
Conflicting

Curated Variants Distribution

Classified variants from ClinVar · 5 ACMG categories

ClassificationLoFMissense + InframeNon-codingSynonymousTotal
Pathogenic
0
0
5
0
5
Likely Pathogenic
0
0
1
0
1
VUS
0
52
3
0
55
Likely Benign
0
3
1
2
6
Benign
0
7
0
1
8
Conflicting
—3
Total06210378

LoF = frameshift, stop gained/lost, canonical splice · Counts from ClinVar esearch · Updated hourly

View in ClinVar →

Protein Context — Lollipop Plot

TRIM31 · protein map & ClinVar variants

Showing all ClinVar variants across the protein. Search a specific variant to highlight its position.

OMIM — Genotype-Phenotype Relationships

1 OMIM entry

OMIM
Clinical Literature
Landmark / reviewRecent case evidence
Key Publications
Landmark & review papers · by relevance
PubMed
Palmitoyltransferase ZDHHC3 Aggravates Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis by Targeting S-Palmitoylated IRHOM2.
Xu M et al.·Adv Sci (Weinh)
2023
Macrophage-Specific E3 Ubiquitin Ligase TRIM31 Reduces Atherosclerotic Plaque Formation by Targeting LOX-1.
Zhang J et al.·Circulation
2026
E3 ubiquitin ligase TRIM31: A potential therapeutic target.
Deng NH et al.·Biomed Pharmacother
2024Review
TRIM31 promotes the progression of oral squamous cell carcinoma through upregulating AKT phosphorylation and subsequent cellular glycolysis.
Sang SQ et al.·Neoplasma
2023
The E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase Trim31 alleviates non-alcoholic fatty liver disease by targeting Rhbdf2 in mouse hepatocytes.
Xu M et al.·Nat Commun
2022Functional
Bioinformatics analysis of the expression of TRIM31 mRNA and protein in pan-cancer tissues and their prognostic relevance.
Mei Y et al.·Sci Rep
2025
TRIM31 promotes Atg5/Atg7-independent autophagy in intestinal cells.
Ra EA et al.·Nat Commun
2016
Oncogenic TRIM31 confers gemcitabine resistance in pancreatic cancer via activating the NF-κB signaling pathway.
Yu C et al.·Theranostics
2018
Therapeutic potential of quercitrin in intervertebral disc degeneration: Targeting pyroptosis and inflammation.
Wu X et al.·Int Immunopharmacol
2025
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma MHC region deep sequencing identifies HLA and novel non-HLA TRIM31 and TRIM39 loci.
Ning L et al.·Commun Biol
2020
Top 10 resultsSearch PubMed ↗
Recent Gene-Specific Literature
Gene in title · MEDLINE · newest first
Europe PMC
Top 5 resultsSearch Europe PMC ↗

Clinical Trials

Active and recruiting trials from ClinicalTrials.gov

ClinicalTrials.gov

No active trials found for this gene.

Search ClinicalTrials.gov →

External Resources

Links to major genomics databases and tools