TMEM63A

Chr 1AD

transmembrane protein 63A

Also known as: HLD19, KIAA0792, hTMEM63A

TMEM63A encodes a mechanosensitive cation channel that regulates lysosomal morphology and is essential for surfactant secretion in lung alveolar cells, playing a critical role in the baby's first breath and lifelong respiration. Mutations cause hypomyelinating leukodystrophy 19 with transient infantile onset, affecting both the central nervous system and respiratory function. The condition follows autosomal dominant inheritance, and the gene shows very low constraint against loss-of-function variants.

OMIMResearchSummary from RefSeq, OMIM, UniProt
MultiplemechanismADLOEUF 0.831 OMIM phenotype
Clinical SummaryTMEM63A
Population Constraint (gnomAD)
Low constraint (pLI 0.00) — loss-of-function variants are relatively tolerated in the population.

Population Genetics & Constraint

gnomAD v4 — loss-of-function & missense intolerance

Tolerant — LoF & missense variants common in population
LoF Constraint
0.83LOEUF
pLI 0.000
Z-score 2.43
OE 0.60 (0.440.83)
Tolerant

Typical tolerance to LoF variation

Missense Constraint
1.24Z-score
OE missense 0.84 (0.770.91)
384 obs / 459.0 exp
Tolerant

Mild missense constraint

Observed / Expected Ratios
LoF OE0.60 (0.440.83)
00.351.4
Missense OE0.84 (0.770.91)
00.61.4
Synonymous OE0.94
01.21.6
LoF obs/exp: 26 / 43.2Missense obs/exp: 384 / 459.0Syn Z: 0.63
Curated Mechanism (G2P)Gene2Phenotype (DDG2P) ↗
strongTMEM63A-related transient hypomyelination during infancyOTHERAD
DN
0.6455th %ile
GOF
0.76top 25%
LOF
0.2677th %ile

This gene has evidence for multiple mechanisms of pathogenicity (gain-of-function and dominant-negative). Both the Badonyi & Marsh prediction and the broader genomic evidence point to gain-of-function as the predominant mechanism. Different variants in this gene may act through different mechanisms — interpret in context of the specific variant.

GOFprediction above median
DNprediction above median

Note: In-silico variant effect predictors (SIFT, PolyPhen, REVEL, CADD) may underestimate pathogenicity of missense variants in genes with GOF or DN mechanisms. Consider functional evidence and clinical context.

Predictions from Badonyi M, Marsh JA. PLoS ONE. 2024;19(8):e0307312.

ClinVar Variant Classifications

0 submitted variants in ClinVar

Protein Context — Lollipop Plot

TMEM63A · protein map & ClinVar variants

Showing all ClinVar variants across the protein. Search a specific variant to highlight its position.

3D Protein StructureAlphaFold

Clinical Trials

Active and recruiting trials from ClinicalTrials.gov

No active trials found for this gene.

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Clinical Literature
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Full-Text Mentions
NLP-detected gene mentions in article bodies · via PubTator3
PubTator3
Top 5 full-text resultsSearch PubTator3 ↗
Recent Gene-Specific Literature
Gene in title · MEDLINE · newest first
Europe PMC