SPNS2

Chr 17AR

SPNS lysolipid transporter 2, sphingosine-1-phosphate

Also known as: DFNB115, SLC62A2, SLC63A2

The protein encoded by SPNS2 is a lipid transporter that specifically exports sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P), a bioactive signaling molecule essential for lymphocyte trafficking and auditory function in the inner ear. Mutations cause autosomal recessive early-onset progressive hearing loss due to disrupted S1P signaling required for maintaining the endocochlear potential in the cochlea. The gene shows low constraint against loss-of-function variants, consistent with its recessive inheritance pattern.

OMIMResearchSummary from RefSeq, UniProt
MultiplemechanismARLOEUF 0.801 OMIM phenotype
Clinical SummarySPNS2
Population Constraint (gnomAD)
Low constraint (pLI 0.00) — loss-of-function variants are relatively tolerated in the population.

Population Genetics & Constraint

gnomAD v4 — loss-of-function & missense intolerance

Tolerant — LoF & missense variants common in population
LoF Constraint
0.80LOEUF
pLI 0.000
Z-score 2.31
OE 0.49 (0.320.80)
Tolerant

Typical tolerance to LoF variation

Missense Constraint
-0.07Z-score
OE missense 1.01 (0.921.11)
315 obs / 311.6 exp
Tolerant

Tolerant to missense variation

Observed / Expected Ratios
LoF OE0.49 (0.320.80)
00.351.4
Missense OE1.01 (0.921.11)
00.61.4
Synonymous OE1.45
01.21.6
LoF obs/exp: 12 / 24.3Missense obs/exp: 315 / 311.6Syn Z: -4.15
DN
0.75top 25%
GOF
0.7125th %ile
LOF
0.2969th %ile

This gene has evidence for multiple mechanisms of pathogenicity (dominant-negative and gain-of-function). Both the Badonyi & Marsh prediction and the broader genomic evidence point to dominant-negative as the predominant mechanism. Different variants in this gene may act through different mechanisms — interpret in context of the specific variant.

DNprediction above median
GOFprediction above median

Note: In-silico variant effect predictors (SIFT, PolyPhen, REVEL, CADD) may underestimate pathogenicity of missense variants in genes with GOF or DN mechanisms. Consider functional evidence and clinical context.

Predictions from Badonyi M, Marsh JA. PLoS ONE. 2024;19(8):e0307312.

ClinVar Variant Classifications

0 submitted variants in ClinVar

Protein Context — Lollipop Plot

SPNS2 · protein map & ClinVar variants

Showing all ClinVar variants across the protein. Search a specific variant to highlight its position.

3D Protein StructureAlphaFold

Clinical Trials

Active and recruiting trials from ClinicalTrials.gov

No active trials found for this gene.

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Clinical Literature
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