SPG21

Chr 15AR

SPG21 abhydrolase domain containing, maspardin

Also known as: ABHD21, ACP33, BM-019, GL010, MAST

The protein binds to CD4 and modulates T cell activation by interacting with CD4's hydrophobic C-terminal amino acids through its noncatalytic alpha/beta hydrolase fold domain. Mutations cause autosomal recessive spastic paraplegia 21 (also known as Mast syndrome), which involves spasticity and neurodegeneration primarily affecting the lower extremities. This gene shows low constraint against loss-of-function variants (pLI 0.0007), consistent with its autosomal recessive inheritance pattern.

GeneReviewsOMIMResearchSummary from RefSeq, OMIM, UniProt
ARLOEUF 0.833 OMIM phenotypes
Clinical SummarySPG21
Population Constraint (gnomAD)
Low constraint (pLI 0.00) — loss-of-function variants are relatively tolerated in the population.
📋
ClinVar Variants
24 unique Pathogenic / Likely Pathogenic· 86 VUS of 226 total submissions
📖
GeneReview available — SPG21
Authoritative clinical overview · Recommended first read
Open GeneReview ↗

Population Genetics & Constraint

gnomAD v4 — loss-of-function & missense intolerance

Tolerant — LoF & missense variants common in population
LoF Constraint
0.83LOEUF
pLI 0.001
Z-score 2.07
OE 0.46 (0.270.83)
Tolerant

Typical tolerance to LoF variation

Missense Constraint
1.16Z-score
OE missense 0.75 (0.650.87)
127 obs / 169.4 exp
Tolerant

Mild missense constraint

Observed / Expected Ratios
LoF OE0.46 (0.270.83)
00.351.4
Missense OE0.75 (0.650.87)
00.61.4
Synonymous OE1.08
01.21.6
LoF obs/exp: 8 / 17.3Missense obs/exp: 127 / 169.4Syn Z: -0.51

ClinVar Variant Classifications

226 submitted variants in ClinVar

Classification Summary

Pathogenic14
Likely Pathogenic10
VUS86
Likely Benign59
Benign25
Conflicting13
14
Pathogenic
10
Likely Pathogenic
86
VUS
59
Likely Benign
25
Benign
13
Conflicting

Curated Variants Distribution

Classified variants from ClinVar · 5 ACMG categories

ClassificationLoFMissense + InframeNon-codingSynonymousTotal
Pathogenic
5
1
8
0
14
Likely Pathogenic
7
0
3
0
10
VUS
1
52
29
4
86
Likely Benign
0
0
32
27
59
Benign
0
0
25
0
25
Conflicting
13
Total13539731207

LoF = frameshift, stop gained/lost, canonical splice · Counts from ClinVar esearch · Updated hourly

View in ClinVar →

Protein Context — Lollipop Plot

SPG21 · protein map & ClinVar variants

Showing all ClinVar variants across the protein. Search a specific variant to highlight its position.

3D Protein StructureAlphaFold

Clinical Trials

Active and recruiting trials from ClinicalTrials.gov

No active trials found for this gene.

Search ClinicalTrials.gov →
Clinical Literature
Open Research Assistant →
Key Publications
Landmark & review papers · by relevance
PubMed
Top 2 results · since 2015Search PubMed ↗