SOD2

Chr 6

superoxide dismutase 2

Also known as: GC1, GClnc1, IPO-B, IPOB, MNSOD, MVCD6, Mn-SOD, lncRNA-GC1

This gene is a member of the iron/manganese superoxide dismutase family. It encodes a mitochondrial protein that forms a homotetramer and binds one manganese ion per subunit. This protein binds to the superoxide byproducts of oxidative phosphorylation and converts them to hydrogen peroxide and diatomic oxygen. Mutations in this gene have been associated with idiopathic cardiomyopathy (IDC), premature aging, sporadic motor neuron disease, and cancer. Alternative splicing of this gene results in multiple transcript variants. A related pseudogene has been identified on chromosome 1. [provided by RefSeq, Apr 2016]

ResearchGenerating clinical summary…

Primary Disease Associations & Inheritance

UniProtMicrovascular complications of diabetes 6

Clinical highlights

Interpreting a novel variant
This gene is strongly intolerant of loss-of-function variation in the population, so LoF variants warrant close attention. No curated mechanism annotation is available — see the mechanism card for the computational prediction and its caveats.Based on population constraint only.
12
Active trials
902
Pubs (1 yr)
P/LP submissions
P/LP missense
0.75
LOEUF
DN
Mechanism· predicted
Some data sources returned errors (1)

omim: Error: OMIM fetch failed: 429

Population Genetics & Constraint

gnomAD v4 — loss-of-function & missense intolerance

Tolerant — LoF & missense variants common in population
LoF Constraint?
0.75LOEUF
pLI 0.155
Z-score 2.11
OE 0.29 (0.130.75)
Tolerant

Typical tolerance to LoF variation

Missense Constraint?
0.89Z-score
OE missense 0.77 (0.650.92)
93 obs / 120.4 exp
Tolerant

Mild missense constraint

Observed / Expected Ratios?
LoF OE?0.29 (0.130.75)
00.351.4
Missense OE?0.77 (0.650.92)
00.61.4
Synonymous OE?1.01
01.21.6
LoF obs/exp: 3 / 10.3Missense obs/exp: 93 / 120.4Syn Z: -0.06

ClinVar Variant Classifications

0 submitted variants in ClinVar

Protein Context — Lollipop Plot

SOD2 · protein map & ClinVar variants

Showing all ClinVar variants across the protein. Search a specific variant to highlight its position.

Clinical Trials

Active and recruiting trials from ClinicalTrials.gov

Rheumatoid ArthritisOsteoarthritisSarcopenia

Effect of Exercise Type on Muscle Quality in Patients With OA, SARC and RA: an Explorative Study

NOT YET RECRUITING
NCT06480643Phase NAAmsterdam UMC, location VUmcStarted 2024-12-01
High load exercise typeLow load exercise type
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis

A Study to Learn More About the Long-Term Safety of Tofersen (Qalsody) in Chinese Participants With SOD-1 Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS)

ACTIVE NOT RECRUITING
NCT07223723Phase PHASE4BiogenStarted 2025-12-11
Tofersen
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis

A Study to Learn More About the Long-Term Safety of Tofersen (Qalsody) in Participants With Superoxide Dismutase 1 (SOD-1) Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS)

RECRUITING
NCT07259980BiogenStarted 2026-01-02
Tofersen
Physiological AdaptationsSport PerformanceAerobic Capacity

Molecular Hydrogen Inhalation: Effects on Health, Exercise Capacity and Inflammatory Response - in Vivo/in Vitro Studies

NOT YET RECRUITING
NCT07130942Phase NAGdansk University of Physical Education and SportStarted 2025-10-01
Inhalation using a molecular hydrogen generator
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis

A Study to Evaluate the Safety, Tolerability, Pharmacokinetics, and Pharmacodynamics of RAG-17 in Subjects With Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) With Superoxide Dismutase Type 1 (SOD1) Gene Mutation

RECRUITING
NCT06556394Phase PHASE1Ractigen Therapeutics.Started 2024-12-24
RAG-17Placebo
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis

Longitudinal Assessment of Autonomic and Sensory Nervous System in ALS

RECRUITING
NCT05747937Phase NAIstituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri SpAStarted 2021-05-15
Skin biopsyCardiovascular Reflexes testingAdministration of clinical scales evaluating autonomic symptoms, pain small fiber neuropathy symptoms
B Acute Lymphoblastic LeukemiaB Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia With t(9;22)(q34.1;q11.2); BCR-ABL1B Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia, BCR-ABL1-Like

Studying the Effect of Levocarnitine in Protecting the Liver From Chemotherapy for Leukemia or Lymphoma

ACTIVE NOT RECRUITING
NCT05602194Phase PHASE3Children's Oncology GroupStarted 2023-08-24
Biospecimen CollectionCalaspargase PegolLevocarnitine
Transgender Individuals

Effects of Gender-Affirming Hormone Therapy on Cardiovascular, Metabolic, and Mental Health Outcomes in Transgender Adults.

NOT YET RECRUITING
NCT07394400Milagros Rocha BarajasStarted 2026-02-14
Inflammatory Bowel Diseases

Markers of Oxidative Stress in Inflammatory Bowel Diseases: Risk Factors and Implications for a Dietetic Approach

ACTIVE NOT RECRUITING
NCT04513015Phase NAUniversità Politecnica delle MarcheStarted 2019-12-15
Antioxidant dietNormal dietetic scheme
Neurodegenerative DiseaseBehavioral Variant Frontotemporal Dementia (bvFTD)Primary Progressive Aphasia(PPA)

Tracking and Predicting How Brain Damage Spreads in Neurodegenerative Diseases

ENROLLING BY INVITATION
NCT07567664Phase NAIRCCS San RaffaeleStarted 2017-06-01
3 Tesla MRI without contrast mediumBlood sample for genetic analysisCerebrospinal fluid sampling (CSF)
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis

A Study to Investigate the Safety and Pharmacodynamics of a Single Intrathecal Injection (IT) of INS1202 in Participants With Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS)

RECRUITING
NCT07290062Phase PHASE1Insmed Gene Therapy LLCStarted 2026-01-09
INS1202
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Associated With a SOD1 Gene Mutation

A Study of BIIB067 (Tofersen) Initiated in Clinically Presymptomatic Adults With a Confirmed Superoxide Dismutase 1 Mutation

ACTIVE NOT RECRUITING
NCT04856982Phase PHASE3BiogenStarted 2021-05-17
TofersenPlacebo