SHMT1

Chr 17

serine hydroxymethyltransferase 1

Also known as: CSHMT, SHMT, hcSHMT

The cytosolic serine hydroxymethyltransferase enzyme catalyzes the reversible conversion of serine and tetrahydrofolate to glycine and 5,10-methylene tetrahydrofolate, providing one-carbon units essential for methionine, purine, and pyrimidine synthesis, and also functions in carnitine biosynthesis and as a nuclear scaffold protein for DNA replication complexes. Mutations cause autosomal recessive neurodevelopmental disorder with seizures and brain atrophy, typically presenting in infancy with developmental delays and neurological deterioration. This gene is extremely intolerant to loss-of-function variants, indicating that complete loss of protein function is likely incompatible with normal development.

OMIMResearchSummary from RefSeq, UniProt
DNmechanismLOEUF 1.36
Clinical SummarySHMT1
Population Constraint (gnomAD)
Low constraint (pLI 0.00) — loss-of-function variants are relatively tolerated in the population.

Population Genetics & Constraint

gnomAD v4 — loss-of-function & missense intolerance

Tolerant — LoF & missense variants common in population
LoF Constraint
1.36LOEUF
pLI 0.000
Z-score 0.20
OE 0.95 (0.681.36)
Tolerant

Highly tolerant — LoF variants common in population

Missense Constraint
0.35Z-score
OE missense 0.94 (0.851.04)
259 obs / 275.5 exp
Tolerant

Mild missense constraint

Observed / Expected Ratios
LoF OE0.95 (0.681.36)
00.351.4
Missense OE0.94 (0.851.04)
00.61.4
Synonymous OE1.08
01.21.6
LoF obs/exp: 22 / 23.1Missense obs/exp: 259 / 275.5Syn Z: -0.66
DN
0.6552th %ile
GOF
0.5072th %ile
LOF
0.4234th %ile

The highest-scoring mechanism for this gene is dominant-negative.

DNprediction above median

Note: In-silico variant effect predictors (SIFT, PolyPhen, REVEL, CADD) may underestimate pathogenicity of missense variants in genes with GOF or DN mechanisms. Consider functional evidence and clinical context.

Predictions from Badonyi M, Marsh JA. PLoS ONE. 2024;19(8):e0307312.

ClinVar Variant Classifications

0 submitted variants in ClinVar

Protein Context — Lollipop Plot

SHMT1 · protein map & ClinVar variants

Showing all ClinVar variants across the protein. Search a specific variant to highlight its position.

3D Protein StructureAlphaFold

Clinical Trials

Active and recruiting trials from ClinicalTrials.gov

No active trials found for this gene.

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Clinical Literature
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