S100A9

Chr 1

S100 calcium binding protein A9

Also known as: 60B8AG, CAGB, CFAG, CGLB, L1AG, LIAG, MAC387, MIF

The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the S100 family of proteins containing 2 EF-hand calcium-binding motifs. S100 proteins are localized in the cytoplasm and/or nucleus of a wide range of cells, and involved in the regulation of a number of cellular processes such as cell cycle progression and differentiation. S100 genes include at least 13 members which are located as a cluster on chromosome 1q21. This protein may function in the inhibition of casein kinase and altered expression of this protein is associated with the disease cystic fibrosis. This antimicrobial protein exhibits antifungal and antibacterial activity. [provided by RefSeq, Nov 2014]

ResearchGenerating clinical summary…

Clinical highlights

Interpreting a novel variant
This gene is strongly intolerant of loss-of-function variation in the population, so LoF variants warrant close attention. No curated mechanism annotation is available — see the mechanism card for the computational prediction and its caveats.Based on population constraint only.
12
Active trials
513
Pubs (1 yr)
P/LP submissions
P/LP missense
1.46
LOEUF
Multiple*
Mechanism· predicted
Some data sources returned errors (1)

omim: Error: OMIM fetch failed: 429

Population Genetics & Constraint

gnomAD v4 — loss-of-function & missense intolerance

Tolerant — LoF & missense variants common in population
LoF Constraint?
1.46LOEUF
pLI 0.478
Z-score 1.22
OE 0.00 (0.001.46)
Tolerant

Highly tolerant — LoF variants common in population

Missense Constraint?
0.57Z-score
OE missense 0.80 (0.631.01)
50 obs / 62.8 exp
Tolerant

Mild missense constraint

Observed / Expected Ratios?
LoF OE?0.00 (0.001.46)
00.351.4
Missense OE?0.80 (0.631.01)
00.61.4
Synonymous OE?1.17
01.21.6
LoF obs/exp: 0 / 1.7Missense obs/exp: 50 / 62.8Syn Z: -0.69

ClinVar Variant Classifications

0 submitted variants in ClinVar

Protein Context — Lollipop Plot

S100A9 · protein map & ClinVar variants

Showing all ClinVar variants across the protein. Search a specific variant to highlight its position.

Clinical Trials

Active and recruiting trials from ClinicalTrials.gov

Insulin SensitivityOverweight or ObesityInflammatory Response

Pulses Consumption and Its Role in Managing Systemic Inflammation, Insulin Sensitivity and Gut Microbiome in Human

ACTIVE NOT RECRUITING
NCT04267705Phase NAClinical Nutrition Research Center, Illinois Institute of TechnologyStarted 2020-02-24
ControlBlack beanChickpea
SepsisAcute Kidney Injury Due to SepsisGastrointestinal Microbiome

Microbiome and Enteric Signatures in Sepsis-associated Hepatorenal Injury

RECRUITING
NCT07735182First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang UniversityStarted 2026-02-15
PreDiabetesDysbiosisEndotoxemia

Assessing Gut Microbiota Mediated Health Outcomes of Whole Wheat and Its Major Bioactive Components

ACTIVE NOT RECRUITING
NCT05318183Phase NAOhio State UniversityStarted 2022-01-27
Whole Wheat BreadWhite Bread (control)
Sports NutritionBiochemical MarkersExercise Performance

Effect of a Short-term Multi-strain Probiotic Supplementation in Endurance Athletes

RECRUITING
NCT07252778Phase PHASE2, PHASE3Krzysztof Durkalec-MichalskiStarted 2025-11-20
MPRO supplementationPlacebo treatment
Dysbiosis

Evidence Based Probiotic Therapy of Proton Pump Inhibitor Induced Dysbiosis

ACTIVE NOT RECRUITING
NCT05836155Phase NAMedical University of GrazStarted 2023-07-10
Intervention
Inflammatory Bowel Diseases

Regulation of Mucosal Healing in Inflammatory Bowel Disease

RECRUITING
NCT04504136Phase NATerrence A BarrettStarted 2021-04-30
Serial Biopsy
Stunting of GrowthChronic Malnutrition

Pilot Study of a Modified Therapeutic Food Compared With a Standard Nutrient Supplement in Young Children in Rural Guatemala

NOT YET RECRUITING
NCT07804667Phase NAWuqu' Kawoq, Maya Health AllianceStarted 2026-09-15
Modified Therapeutic Food FormulationNutri Listo SQ-LNS
Inflammatory Bowel DiseasesCrohn Disease

Predicting IBD Treatment Outcomes With Gut Microbiome Analysis

RECRUITING
NCT06453720University of British ColumbiaStarted 2024-08-01
Colonoscopy
Environmental Enteric Dysfunction (EED)Stunting

Maternal Probiotic Intervention to Improve Gut Health-Trial II-Pakistan

RECRUITING
NCT07207434Phase PHASE2Aga Khan UniversityStarted 2025-08-30
Oral VancomycinVE818Placebo
Acute Myocardial Infarction With ST Elevation

Effect of Glp-1 and Antidiabetic sgLT2 Agents for myoCardial infarcTion and Ultrasensitive Inflammatory Surveillance (GALACTUS Trial)

RECRUITING
NCT07295223Phase PHASE3Instituto Mexicano del Seguro SocialStarted 2025-12-30
Dapagliflozin 10 MG Oral TabletSemaglutide (Rybelsus®)
Malnutrition (Calorie)Infant Nutrition DisorderGrowth Flatering

Goat Milk-Derived Formula vs. Undiluted Goat Milk in Infants Unable to Exclusively Breastfeed: Growth and Biomarker Analysis

RECRUITING
NCT07225153Phase NAAga Khan UniversityStarted 2025-08-30
GMDFAUndiluted Goat Milk
Inflammatory Bowel Diseases

Markers of Oxidative Stress in Inflammatory Bowel Diseases: Risk Factors and Implications for a Dietetic Approach

ACTIVE NOT RECRUITING
NCT04513015Phase NAUniversità Politecnica delle MarcheStarted 2019-12-15
Antioxidant dietNormal dietetic scheme