RFC1

Chr 4AR

replication factor C subunit 1

Also known as: A1, CANVAS, MHCBFB, PO-GA, RECC1, RFC, RFC140

The RFC1 protein is the large subunit of replication factor C, a DNA polymerase accessory complex that loads PCNA onto DNA and is essential for DNA replication and repair. Biallelic RFC1 mutations cause cerebellar ataxia, neuropathy, and vestibular areflexia syndrome (CANVAS), which involves the cerebellum, peripheral nerves, and vestibular system. RFC1 follows autosomal recessive inheritance and is highly constrained against loss-of-function variants.

OMIMResearchSummary from RefSeq, OMIM, UniProt
LOFmechanismARLOEUF 0.301 OMIM phenotype
Clinical SummaryRFC1
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Gene-Disease Validity (ClinGen)
cerebellar ataxia with neuropathy and bilateral vestibular areflexia syndrome · ARDefinitive

Definitive — sufficient evidence for diagnostic panels

Population Constraint (gnomAD)
Highly constrained gene — heterozygous loss-of-function variants are very rare in the population (pLI 0.97). One damaged copy is likely sufficient to cause disease.
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Clinical Trials
4 active or recruiting trials — potential therapeutic options may be available

Population Genetics & Constraint

gnomAD v4 — loss-of-function & missense intolerance

LoF intolerant — likely haploinsufficient
LoF Constraint
0.30LOEUF
pLI 0.973
Z-score 5.84
OE 0.18 (0.120.30)
Highly constrained

Highly LoF-intolerant (top ~10% of genes)

Missense Constraint
1.38Z-score
OE missense 0.84 (0.780.91)
502 obs / 597.0 exp
Tolerant

Mild missense constraint

Observed / Expected Ratios
LoF OE0.18 (0.120.30)
00.351.4
Missense OE0.84 (0.780.91)
00.61.4
Synonymous OE1.01
01.21.6
LoF obs/exp: 11 / 59.6Missense obs/exp: 502 / 597.0Syn Z: -0.12
DN
0.3892th %ile
GOF
0.11100th %ile
LOF
0.68top 25%

The highest-scoring mechanism for this gene is loss-of-function (haploinsufficiency).

LOFprediction above median · LOEUF 0.30

Predictions from Badonyi M, Marsh JA. PLoS ONE. 2024;19(8):e0307312. Mechanism ranking also informed by gnomAD constraint, ClinVar, and ClinGen data.

ClinVar Variant Classifications

0 submitted variants in ClinVar

Protein Context — Lollipop Plot

RFC1 · protein map & ClinVar variants

Showing all ClinVar variants across the protein. Search a specific variant to highlight its position.

3D Protein StructureAlphaFold
Clinical Literature
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Full-Text Mentions
NLP-detected gene mentions in article bodies · via PubTator3
PubTator3
Top 5 full-text resultsSearch PubTator3 ↗
Recent Gene-Specific Literature
Gene in title · MEDLINE · newest first
Europe PMC