PYCR1

Chr 17AR

pyrroline-5-carboxylate reductase 1

Also known as: ARCL2B, ARCL3B, P5C, P5CR, PIG45, PP222, PRO3, PYCR

This mitochondrial enzyme catalyzes the final step in proline biosynthesis by reducing pyrroline-5-carboxylate to L-proline using NAD(P)H and is involved in cellular oxidative stress responses. Mutations cause autosomal recessive cutis laxa types IIB and IIIB, connective tissue disorders characterized by loose, sagging skin and other systemic features. The gene shows tolerance to loss-of-function variants (low pLI score), consistent with the recessive inheritance pattern.

GeneReviewsOMIMResearchSummary from RefSeq, OMIM, UniProt
LOFmechanismARLOEUF 1.262 OMIM phenotypes
Clinical SummaryPYCR1
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Gene-Disease Validity (ClinGen)
autosomal recessive cutis laxa type 2B · ARDefinitive

Definitive — sufficient evidence for diagnostic panels

Population Constraint (gnomAD)
Low constraint (pLI 0.00) — loss-of-function variants are relatively tolerated in the population.
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ClinVar Variants
55 unique Pathogenic / Likely Pathogenic· 92 VUS of 300 total submissions
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GeneReview available — PYCR1
Authoritative clinical overview · Recommended first read
Open GeneReview ↗

Population Genetics & Constraint

gnomAD v4 — loss-of-function & missense intolerance

Tolerant — LoF & missense variants common in population
LoF Constraint
1.26LOEUF
pLI 0.000
Z-score 0.99
OE 0.67 (0.381.26)
Tolerant

Highly tolerant — LoF variants common in population

Missense Constraint
0.17Z-score
OE missense 0.97 (0.861.09)
187 obs / 193.8 exp
Tolerant

Mild missense constraint

Observed / Expected Ratios
LoF OE0.67 (0.381.26)
00.351.4
Missense OE0.97 (0.861.09)
00.61.4
Synonymous OE0.98
01.21.6
LoF obs/exp: 7 / 10.4Missense obs/exp: 187 / 193.8Syn Z: 0.17
Curated Mechanism (G2P)Gene2Phenotype (DDG2P) ↗
definitivePYCR1-related cutis laxaLOFAR
strongPYCR1-related cutis laxa (de Barsy syndrome)OTHERAR

Predictions shown for reference only — model trained on dominant genes, not applicable to AR conditions.

DN
0.7228th %ile
GOF
0.6052th %ile
LOF
0.3550th %ile

The Badonyi & Marsh prediction model was trained exclusively on dominant disease genes. Predictions are not reliable for genes with autosomal recessive inheritance and are shown at reduced opacity for reference only.

Predictions from Badonyi M, Marsh JA. PLoS ONE. 2024;19(8):e0307312.

ClinVar Variant Classifications

300 submitted variants in ClinVar

Classification Summary

Pathogenic30
Likely Pathogenic25
VUS92
Likely Benign114
Benign15
Conflicting21
30
Pathogenic
25
Likely Pathogenic
92
VUS
114
Likely Benign
15
Benign
21
Conflicting

Curated Variants Distribution

Classified variants from ClinVar · 5 ACMG categories

ClassificationLoFMissense + InframeNon-codingSynonymousTotal
Pathogenic
11
2
17
0
30
Likely Pathogenic
14
9
2
0
25
VUS
2
65
25
0
92
Likely Benign
0
4
50
60
114
Benign
0
3
9
3
15
Conflicting
21
Total278310363297

LoF = frameshift, stop gained/lost, canonical splice · Counts from ClinVar esearch · Updated hourly

View in ClinVar →

Protein Context — Lollipop Plot

PYCR1 · protein map & ClinVar variants

Showing all ClinVar variants across the protein. Search a specific variant to highlight its position.

3D Protein StructureAlphaFold

Clinical Trials

Active and recruiting trials from ClinicalTrials.gov

No active trials found for this gene.

Search ClinicalTrials.gov →
Clinical Literature
Open Research Assistant →