PTGES
Chr 9prostaglandin E synthase
Also known as: MGST-IV, MGST1-L1, MGST1L1, MPGES, PGES, PIG12, PP102, PP1294
The protein catalyzes the glutathione-dependent conversion of prostaglandin endoperoxide H2 to prostaglandin E2, serving as the terminal enzyme in the COX-2-mediated inflammatory pathway and playing a key role in inflammation, fever, and pain responses. Biallelic mutations cause autosomal recessive intellectual disability with seizures and spasticity. The gene shows moderate constraint against loss-of-function variants.
Population Genetics & Constraint
gnomAD v4 — loss-of-function & missense intolerance
Typical tolerance to LoF variation
Mild missense constraint
This gene has evidence for multiple mechanisms of pathogenicity (dominant-negative and gain-of-function). Both the Badonyi & Marsh prediction and the broader genomic evidence point to dominant-negative as the predominant mechanism. Different variants in this gene may act through different mechanisms — interpret in context of the specific variant.
Note: In-silico variant effect predictors (SIFT, PolyPhen, REVEL, CADD) may underestimate pathogenicity of missense variants in genes with GOF or DN mechanisms. Consider functional evidence and clinical context.
Predictions from Badonyi M, Marsh JA. PLoS ONE. 2024;19(8):e0307312.
ClinVar Variant Classifications
70 submitted variants in ClinVar
Classification Summary
Curated Variants Distribution
Classified variants from ClinVar · 5 ACMG categories
| Classification | LoF | Missense + Inframe | Non-coding | Synonymous | Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Pathogenic | 0 | 0 | 31 | 0 | 31 |
Likely Pathogenic | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 2 |
VUS | 0 | 16 | 14 | 0 | 30 |
Likely Benign | 0 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 3 |
Benign | 0 | 1 | 0 | 2 | 3 |
| Total | 0 | 19 | 47 | 3 | 69 |
LoF = frameshift, stop gained/lost, canonical splice · Counts from ClinVar esearch · Updated hourly
View in ClinVar →Protein Context — Lollipop Plot
PTGES · protein map & ClinVar variants
Showing all ClinVar variants across the protein. Search a specific variant to highlight its position.
3D Protein StructureAlphaFold
External Resources
Links to major genomics databases and tools
Clinical Trials
Active and recruiting trials from ClinicalTrials.gov
External Resources
Links to major genomics databases and tools