OR5A1

Chr 11

olfactory receptor family 5 subfamily A member 1

Also known as: OR11-249, OR5A1P, OST181

NCBI Gene: 219982 ENSG00000172320 UniProt: Q8NGJ0

Olfactory receptors interact with odorant molecules in the nose, to initiate a neuronal response that triggers the perception of a smell. The olfactory receptor proteins are members of a large family of G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCR) arising from single coding-exon genes. Olfactory receptors share a 7-transmembrane domain structure with many neurotransmitter and hormone receptors and are responsible for the recognition and G protein-mediated transduction of odorant signals. The olfactory receptor gene family is the largest in the genome. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

Research

ResearchGenerating clinical summary…

Active trials

Pubs (1 yr)

—

P/LP submissions

—

P/LP missense

1.63

LOEUF

Multiple*

Mechanism· predicted

Some data sources returned errors (1)

omim: Error: OMIM fetch failed: 429

Population Genetics & Constraint

gnomAD v4 — loss-of-function & missense intolerance

gnomAD

Tolerant — LoF & missense variants common in population

LoF Constraint?

1.63LOEUF

pLI 0.000

Z-score 0.20

OE 0.93 (0.54–1.63)

Tolerant

Highly tolerant — LoF variants common in population

Missense Constraint?

-0.80Z-score

OE missense 1.18 (1.04–1.33)

192 obs / 163.2 exp

Tolerant

Tolerant to missense variation

Observed / Expected Ratios?

LoF OE?0.93 (0.54–1.63)

0≤0.351.4

Missense OE?1.18 (1.04–1.33)

0≤0.61.4

Synonymous OE?1.22

0≤1.21.6

LoF obs/exp: 8 / 8.6Missense obs/exp: 192 / 163.2Syn Z: -1.45

Background carrier burden — how many people carry a rare variant somewhere in OR5A1?

gnomAD v4 · ~731k individuals · PASS only

Rare means allele frequency under

Rare missense

1 in 110

399 rare PASS variants

Rare truncating (LoF)

1 in 900

54 rare PASS variants

Rare synonymous (reference)

1 in 170

179 rare PASS variants

Truncating variants are far rarer here than missense — that gap, in human units, is what constraint means for OR5A1. A background rate for each class, not the frequency of any particular variant; thin-coverage exons undercount.

By genetic ancestry · 9 gnomAD groups · rare = under 0.1% in that group

Group	People	Missense	Truncating
European (non-Finnish)	~556k	1 in 180	1 in 1,900
South Asian	~43k	1 in 100	1 in 860
Remaining (unassigned)	~30k	1 in 93	1 in 760
European (Finnish)	~27k	1 in 360	1 in 1,300
Admixed American	~22k	1 in 110	1 in 980
African / African American	~21k	1 in 120	1 in 2,500
East Asian	~20k	1 in 240	1 in 650
Ashkenazi Jewish	~13k	1 in 520	≈ 1 in 13,000
Middle Eastern	~2,884	1 in 120	≈ 1 in 580

Each group is summed over the variants that are rare in that group. Grey ≈ figures rest on fewer than five expected carriers — too few to distinguish groups. Differences mostly reflect how many people were sampled and how much variation each ancestry carries, not disease risk.

Exome coverage (gnomAD): All 1 coding exons well covered in gnomAD exomes and genomes.? see exons ↓