NSUN5

Chr 7

NOP2/Sun RNA methyltransferase 5

Also known as: NOL1, NOL1R, NSUN5A, WBSCR20, WBSCR20A, p120, p120(NOL1)

This protein is a methyltransferase that specifically methylates cytosine in 28S ribosomal RNA to promote protein translation and is required for corpus callosum and cerebral cortex development. Biallelic mutations cause autosomal recessive intellectual disability with corpus callosum abnormalities and cortical malformations. The gene is extremely intolerant to loss-of-function variants (pLI near 1), indicating that heterozygous loss alone is likely damaging, though disease manifestation requires biallelic variants.

OMIMResearchSummary from RefSeq, UniProt
DNmechanismLOEUF 1.30
Clinical SummaryNSUN5
Population Constraint (gnomAD)
Low constraint (pLI 0.00) — loss-of-function variants are relatively tolerated in the population.
📋
ClinVar Variants
128 unique Pathogenic / Likely Pathogenic· 83 VUS of 232 total submissions

Population Genetics & Constraint

gnomAD v4 — loss-of-function & missense intolerance

Tolerant — LoF & missense variants common in population
LoF Constraint
1.30LOEUF
pLI 0.000
Z-score 0.47
OE 0.89 (0.631.30)
Tolerant

Highly tolerant — LoF variants common in population

Missense Constraint
0.17Z-score
OE missense 0.97 (0.881.07)
291 obs / 299.5 exp
Tolerant

Mild missense constraint

Observed / Expected Ratios
LoF OE0.89 (0.631.30)
00.351.4
Missense OE0.97 (0.881.07)
00.61.4
Synonymous OE1.08
01.21.6
LoF obs/exp: 20 / 22.4Missense obs/exp: 291 / 299.5Syn Z: -0.74
DN
0.6647th %ile
GOF
0.5072th %ile
LOF
0.3356th %ile

The highest-scoring mechanism for this gene is dominant-negative.

DNprediction above median

Note: In-silico variant effect predictors (SIFT, PolyPhen, REVEL, CADD) may underestimate pathogenicity of missense variants in genes with GOF or DN mechanisms. Consider functional evidence and clinical context.

Predictions from Badonyi M, Marsh JA. PLoS ONE. 2024;19(8):e0307312.

ClinVar Variant Classifications

232 submitted variants in ClinVar

Classification Summary

Pathogenic122
Likely Pathogenic6
VUS83
Likely Benign14
Benign1
122
Pathogenic
6
Likely Pathogenic
83
VUS
14
Likely Benign
1
Benign

Curated Variants Distribution

Classified variants from ClinVar · 5 ACMG categories

ClassificationLoFMissense + InframeNon-codingSynonymousTotal
Pathogenic
0
0
122
0
122
Likely Pathogenic
0
0
6
0
6
VUS
0
75
8
0
83
Likely Benign
0
13
0
1
14
Benign
0
0
1
0
1
Total0881371226

LoF = frameshift, stop gained/lost, canonical splice · Counts from ClinVar esearch · Updated hourly

View in ClinVar →

Protein Context — Lollipop Plot

NSUN5 · protein map & ClinVar variants

Showing all ClinVar variants across the protein. Search a specific variant to highlight its position.

3D Protein StructureAlphaFold

Clinical Trials

Active and recruiting trials from ClinicalTrials.gov

No active trials found for this gene.

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Clinical Literature
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