NPHP1

Chr 2AR

nephrocystin 1

Also known as: JBTS4, NPH1, SLSN1

The NPHP1 protein controls epithelial cell polarity and organizes apical junctions in kidney cells, while also regulating intraflagellar transport during cilia assembly and retinal development. Mutations cause autosomal recessive disorders including juvenile nephronophthisis (kidney disease), Senior-Loken syndrome (kidney and eye disease), and Joubert syndrome type 4 (cerebellar ataxia, oculomotor apraxia, psychomotor delay, and neonatal breathing abnormalities). This gene is extremely intolerant to loss-of-function variants, reflecting the critical nature of these ciliopathy syndromes.

Summary from RefSeq, OMIM, UniProt
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Primary Disease Associations & Inheritance

Joubert syndrome 4MIM #609583
AR
Nephronophthisis 1, juvenileMIM #256100
AR
Senior-Loken syndrome-1MIM #266900
AR
Nephronophthisis 1, juvenileMIM #256100
AR
1
Active trials
19
Pubs (1 yr)
160
P/LP submissions
1%
P/LP missense
0.97
LOEUF
LOF
Mechanism· G2P
Clinical SummaryNPHP1
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Gene-Disease Validity (ClinGen)
nephronophthisis 1 · ARDefinitive

Definitive — sufficient evidence for diagnostic panels

Population Constraint (gnomAD)
Low constraint (pLI 0.00) — loss-of-function variants are relatively tolerated in the population.
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ClinVar Variants
135 unique Pathogenic / Likely Pathogenic· 221 VUS of 700 total submissions
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Clinical Trials
1 active or recruiting trial — potential therapeutic options may be available

Population Genetics & Constraint

gnomAD v4 — loss-of-function & missense intolerance

Tolerant — LoF & missense variants common in population
LoF Constraint
0.97LOEUF
pLI 0.000
Z-score 1.69
OE 0.73 (0.550.97)
Tolerant

Typical tolerance to LoF variation

Missense Constraint
0.23Z-score
OE missense 0.97 (0.891.05)
369 obs / 381.4 exp
Tolerant

Mild missense constraint

Observed / Expected Ratios
LoF OE0.73 (0.550.97)
00.351.4
Missense OE0.97 (0.891.05)
00.61.4
Synonymous OE0.92
01.21.6
LoF obs/exp: 33 / 45.2Missense obs/exp: 369 / 381.4Syn Z: 0.78

ClinVar Variant Classifications

700 submitted variants in ClinVar

Classification Summary

Pathogenic66
Likely Pathogenic69
VUS221
Likely Benign318
Benign9
Conflicting5
66
Pathogenic
69
Likely Pathogenic
221
VUS
318
Likely Benign
9
Benign
5
Conflicting

Curated Variants Distribution

Classified variants from ClinVar · 5 ACMG categories

ClassificationLoFMissense + InframeNon-codingSynonymousTotal
Pathogenic
28
0
38
0
66
Likely Pathogenic
47
2
20
0
69
VUS
3
176
39
3
221
Likely Benign
0
7
155
156
318
Benign
0
0
8
1
9
Conflicting
5
Total78185260160688

LoF = frameshift, stop gained/lost, canonical splice · Counts from ClinVar esearch · Updated hourly

View in ClinVar →

Protein Context — Lollipop Plot

NPHP1 · protein map & ClinVar variants

Showing all ClinVar variants across the protein. Search a specific variant to highlight its position.

Clinical Literature
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