NARS1

Chr 18ARAD

asparaginyl-tRNA synthetase 1

Also known as: ASNRS, NARS, NEDMILEG, NEDMILG

The protein catalyzes the attachment of asparagine to tRNA(Asn) and plays an essential role in cerebral cortex development by regulating radial glial cell proliferation. Mutations cause neurodevelopmental disorders with microcephaly, impaired language, and gait abnormalities, with some patients also presenting with epilepsy. The gene shows both autosomal recessive and autosomal dominant inheritance patterns and is highly constrained against loss-of-function variants.

OMIMResearchSummary from RefSeq, OMIM, UniProt
MultiplemechanismAR/ADLOEUF 0.782 OMIM phenotypes
Clinical SummaryNARS1
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Gene-Disease Validity (ClinGen)
neurodevelopmental disorder with microcephaly, impaired language, epilepsy, and gait abnormalities · ADModerate

Moderate evidence — consider for supplementary testing

2 total gene-disease associations curated

Population Constraint (gnomAD)
Low constraint (pLI 0.00) — loss-of-function variants are relatively tolerated in the population.

Population Genetics & Constraint

gnomAD v4 — loss-of-function & missense intolerance

Tolerant — LoF & missense variants common in population
LoF Constraint
0.78LOEUF
pLI 0.000
Z-score 2.62
OE 0.54 (0.380.78)
Tolerant

Typical tolerance to LoF variation

Missense Constraint
0.83Z-score
OE missense 0.87 (0.780.96)
268 obs / 308.9 exp
Tolerant

Mild missense constraint

Observed / Expected Ratios
LoF OE0.54 (0.380.78)
00.351.4
Missense OE0.87 (0.780.96)
00.61.4
Synonymous OE1.04
01.21.6
LoF obs/exp: 20 / 37.2Missense obs/exp: 268 / 308.9Syn Z: -0.34
Curated Mechanism (G2P)Gene2Phenotype (DDG2P) ↗
strongNARS1-related neurodevelopmental disorderGOFAD
definitiveNARS1-related neurodevelopmental disorderLOFAR
DN
0.6745th %ile
GOF
0.6248th %ile
LOF
0.2969th %ile

This gene has evidence for multiple mechanisms of pathogenicity (dominant-negative and gain-of-function). Both the Badonyi & Marsh prediction and the broader genomic evidence point to dominant-negative as the predominant mechanism. Different variants in this gene may act through different mechanisms — interpret in context of the specific variant.

DNprediction above median
GOF1 literature citation

Note: In-silico variant effect predictors (SIFT, PolyPhen, REVEL, CADD) may underestimate pathogenicity of missense variants in genes with GOF or DN mechanisms. Consider functional evidence and clinical context.

Literature Evidence

GOFDe Novo and Bi-allelic Pathogenic Variants in NARS1 Cause Neurodevelopmental Delay Due to Toxic Gain-of-Function and Partial Loss-of-Function EffectsPMID:32738225

Predictions from Badonyi M, Marsh JA. PLoS ONE. 2024;19(8):e0307312.

ClinVar Variant Classifications

0 submitted variants in ClinVar

Protein Context — Lollipop Plot

NARS1 · protein map & ClinVar variants

Showing all ClinVar variants across the protein. Search a specific variant to highlight its position.

3D Protein StructureAlphaFold

Clinical Trials

Active and recruiting trials from ClinicalTrials.gov

No active trials found for this gene.

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Clinical Literature
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