MYO6

Chr 6ADAR

myosin VI

Also known as: DFNA22, DFNB37

MYO6 encodes an unconventional myosin motor protein that moves toward the minus end of actin filaments and functions in intracellular vesicle transport, endocytosis, autophagy, and maintenance of inner ear hair cell structural integrity. Mutations cause non-syndromic hearing loss with both autosomal dominant and autosomal recessive inheritance patterns, with some dominant cases also presenting with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. The gene is highly constrained against loss-of-function variants (LOEUF 0.419), indicating that such variants are likely pathogenic.

GeneReviewsOMIMResearchSummary from RefSeq, OMIM, UniProt
MultiplemechanismAD/ARLOEUF 0.423 OMIM phenotypes
Clinical SummaryMYO6
🧬
Gene-Disease Validity (ClinGen)
nonsyndromic genetic hearing loss · ADDefinitive

Definitive — sufficient evidence for diagnostic panels

Population Constraint (gnomAD)
Constrained for loss-of-function variants (OE-LoF 0.30) despite low pLI — interpret in context.
📋
ClinVar Variants
68 unique Pathogenic / Likely Pathogenic· 271 VUS of 500 total submissions
📖
GeneReview available — MYO6
Authoritative clinical overview · Recommended first read
Open GeneReview ↗

Population Genetics & Constraint

gnomAD v4 — loss-of-function & missense intolerance

Moderate LoF intolerance
LoF Constraint
0.42LOEUF
pLI 0.000
Z-score 5.92
OE 0.30 (0.220.42)
Moderately constrained

More LoF-intolerant than ~75% of genes

Missense Constraint
1.39Z-score
OE missense 0.85 (0.790.91)
586 obs / 688.6 exp
Tolerant

Mild missense constraint

Observed / Expected Ratios
LoF OE0.30 (0.220.42)
00.351.4
Missense OE0.85 (0.790.91)
00.61.4
Synonymous OE0.95
01.21.6
LoF obs/exp: 25 / 83.4Missense obs/exp: 586 / 688.6Syn Z: 0.59
Curated Mechanism (G2P)Gene2Phenotype (DDG2P) ↗
moderateMYO6-related nonsyndromic genetic hearing loss with left ventricular hypertrophyOTHERAR
moderateMYO6-related nonsyndromic genetic hearing loss with left ventricular hypertrophyOTHERAD
definitiveMYO6-related nonsyndromic genetic hearing lossOTHERAR
definitiveMYO6-related nonsyndromic genetic hearing lossOTHERAD
DN
0.77top 25%
GOF
0.6736th %ile
LOF
0.2677th %ile

This gene has evidence for multiple mechanisms of pathogenicity (loss-of-function, dominant-negative and gain-of-function). The Badonyi & Marsh model scores dominant-negative highest among its predictions, but genomic evidence (constraint, ClinVar variant spectrum, and literature) most strongly supports loss-of-function (haploinsufficiency). Different variants in this gene may act through different mechanisms — interpret in context of the specific variant.

LOF1 literature citation · 81% of P/LP variants are LoF · LOEUF 0.42
DNprediction above median
GOFprediction above median

Note: In-silico variant effect predictors (SIFT, PolyPhen, REVEL, CADD) may underestimate pathogenicity of missense variants in genes with GOF or DN mechanisms. Consider functional evidence and clinical context.

Literature Evidence

LOFThus, our study indicated that MYO6 haploinsufficiency affected the detection of sounds in mice, and we suggest that +/- mice with Myo6 null alleles are useful animal models for gene therapy and drug treatment in patients with progressive hearing loss due to MYO6 haploinsufficiency.PMID:34619316

Predictions from Badonyi M, Marsh JA. PLoS ONE. 2024;19(8):e0307312. Mechanism ranking also informed by gnomAD constraint, ClinVar, and ClinGen data.

ClinVar Variant Classifications

500 submitted variants in ClinVar

Classification Summary

Pathogenic37
Likely Pathogenic31
VUS271
Likely Benign67
Benign67
Conflicting1
37
Pathogenic
31
Likely Pathogenic
271
VUS
67
Likely Benign
67
Benign
1
Conflicting

Curated Variants Distribution

Classified variants from ClinVar · 5 ACMG categories

ClassificationLoFMissense + InframeNon-codingSynonymousTotal
Pathogenic
29
0
8
0
37
Likely Pathogenic
26
3
2
0
31
VUS
6
238
23
4
271
Likely Benign
0
0
36
31
67
Benign
0
0
67
0
67
Conflicting
1
Total6124113635474

LoF = frameshift, stop gained/lost, canonical splice · Counts from ClinVar esearch · Updated hourly

View in ClinVar →

Protein Context — Lollipop Plot

MYO6 · protein map & ClinVar variants

Showing all ClinVar variants across the protein. Search a specific variant to highlight its position.

3D Protein StructureAlphaFold

Clinical Trials

Active and recruiting trials from ClinicalTrials.gov

No active trials found for this gene.

Search ClinicalTrials.gov →
Clinical Literature
Open Research Assistant →