MUC1

Chr 1

mucin 1, cell surface associated

Also known as: ADMCKD, ADMCKD1, ADTKD2, CA 15-3, CD227, Ca15-3, EMA, H23AG

This gene encodes a membrane-bound protein that is a member of the mucin family. Mucins are O-glycosylated proteins that play an essential role in forming protective mucous barriers on epithelial surfaces. These proteins also play a role in intracellular signaling. This protein is expressed on the apical surface of epithelial cells that line the mucosal surfaces of many different tissues including lung, breast stomach and pancreas. This protein is proteolytically cleaved into alpha and beta subunits that form a heterodimeric complex. The N-terminal alpha subunit functions in cell-adhesion and the C-terminal beta subunit is involved in cell signaling. Overexpression, aberrant intracellular localization, and changes in glycosylation of this protein have been associated with carcinomas. This gene is known to contain a highly polymorphic variable number tandem repeats (VNTR) domain. Alternate splicing results in multiple transcript variants.[provided by RefSeq, Feb 2011]

GeneReviewsResearchGenerating clinical summary…

Primary Disease Associations & Inheritance

UniProtTubulointerstitial kidney disease, autosomal dominant 2

Clinical highlights

Gene-disease validity (ClinGen)
tubulointerstitial kidney disease, autosomal dominant, 2 · ADDefinitivesufficient evidence for diagnostic panels
Interpreting a novel variant
This gene is strongly intolerant of loss-of-function variation in the population, so LoF variants warrant close attention. No curated mechanism annotation is available — see the mechanism card for the computational prediction and its caveats.Based on population constraint only.
12
Active trials
498
Pubs (1 yr)
P/LP submissions
P/LP missense
0.68
LOEUF
Multiple*
Mechanism· predicted
📖
GeneReview available — MUC1
Authoritative clinical overview · Recommended first read
Open GeneReview ↗
Some data sources returned errors (1)

omim: Error: OMIM fetch failed: 429

Population Genetics & Constraint

gnomAD v4 — loss-of-function & missense intolerance

Tolerant — LoF & missense variants common in population
LoF Constraint?
0.68LOEUF
pLI 0.019
Z-score 2.54
OE 0.34 (0.190.68)
Tolerant

Typical tolerance to LoF variation

Missense Constraint?
-1.23Z-score
OE missense 1.21 (1.111.33)
325 obs / 268.2 exp
Tolerant

Tolerant to missense variation

Observed / Expected Ratios?
LoF OE?0.34 (0.190.68)
00.351.4
Missense OE?1.21 (1.111.33)
00.61.4
Synonymous OE?1.20
01.21.6
LoF obs/exp: 6 / 17.4Missense obs/exp: 325 / 268.2Syn Z: -1.72

ClinVar Variant Classifications

0 submitted variants in ClinVar

Protein Context — Lollipop Plot

MUC1 · protein map & ClinVar variants

Showing all ClinVar variants across the protein. Search a specific variant to highlight its position.

Clinical Trials

Active and recruiting trials from ClinicalTrials.gov

Multiple Myeloma

A Clinical Study of TQB2029 for Injection in Subjects With Multiple Myeloma

RECRUITING
NCT06700395Phase PHASE1Chia Tai Tianqing Pharmaceutical Group Nanjing Shunxin Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.Started 2024-11-28
TQB2029 injection
Pancreas Cancer

Prospective Cohort Study of Pancreatic Cancer Patients Treated With Proton Beam Therapy

ENROLLING BY INVITATION
NCT04466189National Cancer Center, KoreaStarted 2018-09-21
Hypertension, Resistant to Conventional Therapy

Antihypertensive Mechanisms of Minocycline in Resistant Hypertension

RECRUITING
NCT06246396Phase PHASE4University of FloridaStarted 2025-01-08
Minocycline HydrochloridePlacebo
CancerBreast CancerGastric Cancer

Predictive Value of Progastrin Titer at Diagnosis and of Progastrin Kinetics During Treatment in Cancer Patients

RECRUITING
NCT03787056Phase NAHospices Civils de LyonStarted 2018-12-04
Blood draws
Breast Cancer

Anti-Inflammatory Diet in BRC Patients on Aromatase Inhibitors

RECRUITING
NCT06214598Phase NAUniversity of BelgradeStarted 2024-03-01
SupplementAI dietPlacebo
SpondyloarthritisRuminococcus Gnavus

The Role of Intestinal Microbiota Dysbiosis in the Development of Spondyloarthritis

RECRUITING
NCT04853212Phase NAAssistance Publique - Hôpitaux de ParisStarted 2021-06-14
Biopsy
Colorectal CarcinomaColorectal NeoplasmLynch Syndrome

Testing a Combination of Vaccines for Cancer Prevention in Lynch Syndrome

ACTIVE NOT RECRUITING
NCT05419011Phase PHASE2National Cancer Institute (NCI)Started 2023-05-08
Adenovirus 5 CEA/MUC1/Brachyury Vaccine Tri-Ad5Biopsy ProcedureBiospecimen Collection
Liver CancerLung CancerBreast Cancer

Engineered TILs/CAR-TILs to Treat Advanced Solid Tumors

RECRUITING
NCT04842812Phase PHASE1Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical UniversityStarted 2021-01-01
TILs and CAR-TILs targeting HER2, Mesothelin, PSCA, MUC1, Lewis-Y, GPC3, AXL, EGFR, Claudin18.2/6, ROR1, GD1, or B7-H3
Acute Myeloid Leukemia

Multi-CAR T Cell Therapy for Acute Myeloid Leukemia

NOT YET RECRUITING
NCT03222674Phase PHASE1, PHASE2Shenzhen Geno-Immune Medical InstituteStarted 2026-12-31
Muc1/CLL1/CD33/CD38/CD56/CD123-specific gene-engineered T cells
Breast Cancer MetastaticBreast Carcinoma

Immun Checkpoint Washout in Patients With Invasive Ductal Breast Cancer

RECRUITING
NCT07003009Phase NAIstanbul Training and Research HospitalStarted 2024-01-01
Malign Lymph Node WashoutBenign Lymph Node Washout
Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma, ALK-NegativeAnaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma, ALK-PositiveApocrine Carcinoma

Talimogene Laherparepvec and Nivolumab in Treating Patients With Refractory Lymphomas or Advanced or Refractory Non-melanoma Skin Cancers

ACTIVE NOT RECRUITING
NCT02978625Phase PHASE2National Cancer Institute (NCI)Started 2017-09-27
Biopsy ProcedureBiospecimen CollectionComputed Tomography
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver DiseaseNonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD)MASLD - Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease

The Impact of Pectin Supplementation on Systematic Inflammation Pathway, Gut Microbiome, and Metabolic Health in Patients With Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease (MASLD)

RECRUITING
NCT07093346Phase NAUniversity of NottinghamStarted 2025-06-10
PectinCocoa PowderMagnetic Resonance Imaging with Contrast