MUC1

Chr 1AD

mucin 1, cell surface associated

Also known as: ADMCKD, ADMCKD1, ADTKD2, CA 15-3, CD227, Ca15-3, EMA, H23AG

The protein is a membrane-bound mucin that forms protective barriers on epithelial surfaces, with the alpha subunit mediating cell adhesion and the beta subunit involved in cell signaling. Mutations cause autosomal dominant tubulointerstitial kidney disease, type 2. The gene is not highly constrained against loss-of-function variants, suggesting the pathogenic variants may act through other mechanisms.

OMIMResearchSummary from RefSeq, OMIM, UniProt
MultiplemechanismADLOEUF 0.681 OMIM phenotype
Clinical SummaryMUC1
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Gene-Disease Validity (ClinGen)
tubulointerstitial kidney disease, autosomal dominant, 2 · ADDefinitive

Definitive — sufficient evidence for diagnostic panels

Population Constraint (gnomAD)
Constrained for loss-of-function variants (OE-LoF 0.34) despite low pLI — interpret in context.
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Clinical Trials
12 active or recruiting trials — potential therapeutic options may be available

Population Genetics & Constraint

gnomAD v4 — loss-of-function & missense intolerance

Tolerant — LoF & missense variants common in population
LoF Constraint
0.68LOEUF
pLI 0.019
Z-score 2.54
OE 0.34 (0.190.68)
Tolerant

Typical tolerance to LoF variation

Missense Constraint
-1.23Z-score
OE missense 1.21 (1.111.33)
325 obs / 268.2 exp
Tolerant

Tolerant to missense variation

Observed / Expected Ratios
LoF OE0.34 (0.190.68)
00.351.4
Missense OE1.21 (1.111.33)
00.61.4
Synonymous OE1.20
01.21.6
LoF obs/exp: 6 / 17.4Missense obs/exp: 325 / 268.2Syn Z: -1.72
DN
0.85top 5%
GOF
0.94top 5%
LOF
0.2872th %ile

This gene has evidence for multiple mechanisms of pathogenicity (gain-of-function and dominant-negative). Both the Badonyi & Marsh prediction and the broader genomic evidence point to gain-of-function as the predominant mechanism. Different variants in this gene may act through different mechanisms — interpret in context of the specific variant.

GOFprediction above median
DNprediction above median

Note: In-silico variant effect predictors (SIFT, PolyPhen, REVEL, CADD) may underestimate pathogenicity of missense variants in genes with GOF or DN mechanisms. Consider functional evidence and clinical context.

Predictions from Badonyi M, Marsh JA. PLoS ONE. 2024;19(8):e0307312.

ClinVar Variant Classifications

0 submitted variants in ClinVar

Protein Context — Lollipop Plot

MUC1 · protein map & ClinVar variants

Showing all ClinVar variants across the protein. Search a specific variant to highlight its position.

3D Protein StructureAlphaFold

Clinical Trials

Active and recruiting trials from ClinicalTrials.gov

AsthmaRespiratory Disease

Airway Remodeling and Rhinovirus in Asthmatics

RECRUITING
NCT05775952University of CalgaryStarted 2011-09-01
HRV-39
Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma, ALK-NegativeAnaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma, ALK-PositiveApocrine Carcinoma

Talimogene Laherparepvec and Nivolumab in Treating Patients With Refractory Lymphomas or Advanced or Refractory Non-melanoma Skin Cancers

ACTIVE NOT RECRUITING
NCT02978625Phase PHASE2National Cancer Institute (NCI)Started 2017-09-27
Biopsy ProcedureBiospecimen CollectionComputed Tomography
Mucin B5 rs (35705950) Gene Polymorphism in Interstitial Lung Diseases

MucinB5 Gene Polymorphism and Leucocytes Telomere Length in Interstitial Lung Diseases

RECRUITING
NCT06498141Sohag UniversityStarted 2023-10-01
Lung Cancer

Clinical Study on the Prevention and Treatment of Postoperative Metastasis of Lung Cancer by Fuzheng Quxie Recipe

RECRUITING
NCT06381960Phase PHASE2Jianhui TianStarted 2023-03-01
Fuzheng Quxie RecipeFuzhengquye Fang Recipe simulant
Breast Cancer MetastaticBreast Carcinoma

Immun Checkpoint Washout in Patients With Invasive Ductal Breast Cancer

RECRUITING
NCT07003009Phase NAIstanbul Training and Research HospitalStarted 2024-01-01
Malign Lymph Node WashoutBenign Lymph Node Washout
Sinusitis, ChronicSinus DiseaseSinus Infection

Microbiota Transfer for Chronic Rhinosinusitis

ACTIVE NOT RECRUITING
NCT05454072Phase NAAmin JaverStarted 2022-06-15
Sinonasal Microbiota TransferSham Sinonasal Microbiota Transfer
Multiple Myeloma

A Clinical Study of TQB2029 for Injection in Subjects With Multiple Myeloma

RECRUITING
NCT06700395Phase PHASE1Chia Tai Tianqing Pharmaceutical Group Nanjing Shunxin Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.Started 2024-11-28
TQB2029 injection
Malignant NeoplasmOrgan Damage

Construction and Evaluation of Tumor Immunotherapy and Organ Damage Early Warning System Based on Multi-omics

RECRUITING
NCT07131007Hebei Medical University Fourth HospitalStarted 2025-09-15
Immunotherapy Monitoring and Sample Collection
SpondyloarthritisRuminococcus Gnavus

The Role of Intestinal Microbiota Dysbiosis in the Development of Spondyloarthritis

RECRUITING
NCT04853212Phase NAAssistance Publique - Hôpitaux de ParisStarted 2021-06-14
Biopsy
Inflammatory Bowel DiseasesCrohn Disease

Predicting IBD Treatment Outcomes With Gut Microbiome Analysis

RECRUITING
NCT06453720University of British ColumbiaStarted 2024-08-01
Colonoscopy
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver DiseaseNonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD)MASLD - Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease

The Impact of Pectin Supplementation on Systematic Inflammation Pathway, Gut Microbiome, and Metabolic Health in Patients With Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease (MASLD)

RECRUITING
NCT07093346Phase NAUniversity of NottinghamStarted 2025-06-10
PectinCocoa PowderMagnetic Resonance Imaging with Contrast
Type1diabetes

Crosstalk Between Mucosal-Associated Invariant T (MAIT) Cells and the Gut Microbiota and Mucosa in the Development of Type 1 Diabetes in Children

RECRUITING
NCT05054361Institut National de la Santé Et de la Recherche Médicale, FranceStarted 2022-01-01
MAIT cells analysisMAIT cytokines production analysisLactulose/Mannitol Test
Clinical Literature
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