LARGE1

Chr 22

LARGE xylosyl- and glucuronyltransferase 1

Also known as: LARGE, MDC1D, MDDGA6, MDDGB6

LARGE1 encodes a glycosyltransferase that adds xylose and glucuronic acid to alpha-dystroglycan, enabling alpha-dystroglycan to bind laminin 211 and neurexin. Autosomal recessive mutations cause muscular dystrophy-dystroglycanopathy with brain and eye anomalies (type A6) or intellectual disability (type B6) due to abnormal glycosylation of alpha-dystroglycan. Loss-of-function mutations disrupt the critical glycosylation pathway required for proper dystroglycan function in muscle and brain development.

ResearchSummary from RefSeq, OMIM, UniProt
LOFmechanismLOEUF 0.29
Clinical SummaryLARGE1
🧬
Gene-Disease Validity (ClinGen)
muscular dystrophy-dystroglycanopathy · ARDefinitive

Definitive — sufficient evidence for diagnostic panels

Population Constraint (gnomAD)
Highly constrained gene — heterozygous loss-of-function variants are very rare in the population (pLI 0.99). One damaged copy is likely sufficient to cause disease.
📋
ClinVar Variants
39 unique Pathogenic / Likely Pathogenic· 113 VUS of 500 total submissions
Some data sources returned errors (1)

omim: Error: OMIM fetch failed: 429

Population Genetics & Constraint

gnomAD v4 — loss-of-function & missense intolerance

LoF intolerant — likely haploinsufficient
LoF Constraint
0.29LOEUF
pLI 0.989
Z-score 4.99
OE 0.15 (0.080.29)
Highly constrained

Highly LoF-intolerant (top ~10% of genes)

Missense Constraint
1.99Z-score
OE missense 0.74 (0.680.81)
347 obs / 468.3 exp
Tolerant

Mild missense constraint

Observed / Expected Ratios
LoF OE0.15 (0.080.29)
00.351.4
Missense OE0.74 (0.680.81)
00.61.4
Synonymous OE1.12
01.21.6
LoF obs/exp: 6 / 40.1Missense obs/exp: 347 / 468.3Syn Z: -1.29

ClinVar Variant Classifications

500 submitted variants in ClinVar

Classification Summary

Pathogenic29
Likely Pathogenic10
VUS113
Likely Benign335
29
Pathogenic
10
Likely Pathogenic
113
VUS
335
Likely Benign

Curated Variants Distribution

Classified variants from ClinVar · 5 ACMG categories

ClassificationLoFMissense + InframeNon-codingSynonymousTotal
Pathogenic
14
0
15
0
29
Likely Pathogenic
8
0
2
0
10
VUS
1
99
13
0
113
Likely Benign
0
1
154
180
335
Benign
0
0
0
0
0
Total23100184180487

LoF = frameshift, stop gained/lost, canonical splice · Counts from ClinVar esearch · Updated hourly

View in ClinVar →

Protein Context — Lollipop Plot

LARGE1 · protein map & ClinVar variants

Showing all ClinVar variants across the protein. Search a specific variant to highlight its position.

3D Protein StructureAlphaFold

Clinical Trials

Active and recruiting trials from ClinicalTrials.gov

No active trials found for this gene.

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Clinical Literature
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