KIRREL1
Chr 1ARkirre like nephrin family adhesion molecule 1
Also known as: KIRREL, NEPH1, NPHS23
NEPH1 is a member of the nephrin-like protein family, which includes NEPH2 (MIM 607761) and NEPH3 (MIM 607762). The cytoplasmic domains of these proteins interact with the C terminus of podocin (NPHS2; MIM 604766), and the genes are expressed in kidney podocytes, cells involved in ensuring size- and charge-selective ultrafiltration (Sellin et al., 2003 [PubMed 12424224]).[supplied by OMIM, Mar 2008]
Population Genetics & Constraint
gnomAD v4 — loss-of-function & missense intolerance
Highly LoF-intolerant (top ~10% of genes)
Moderately missense-constrained (top ~2.5%)
This gene — mechanism propensity
This gene has evidence for multiple mechanisms of pathogenicity (loss-of-function and gain-of-function). The Badonyi & Marsh model scores gain-of-function highest among its predictions, but genomic evidence (constraint, ClinVar variant spectrum, and literature) most strongly supports loss-of-function (haploinsufficiency). Different variants in this gene may act through different mechanisms — interpret in context of the specific variant.
Note: In-silico variant effect predictors (SIFT, PolyPhen, REVEL, CADD) may underestimate pathogenicity of missense variants in genes with GOF or DN mechanisms. Consider functional evidence and clinical context.
Predictions from Badonyi M, Marsh JA. PLoS ONE. 2024;19(8):e0307312. Mechanism ranking also informed by gnomAD constraint, ClinVar, and ClinGen data.
ClinVar Variant Classifications
0 submitted variants in ClinVar
Protein Context — Lollipop Plot
KIRREL1 · protein map & ClinVar variants
Showing all ClinVar variants across the protein. Search a specific variant to highlight its position.
External Resources
Links to major genomics databases and tools
Clinical Trials
Active and recruiting trials from ClinicalTrials.gov
No active trials found for this gene.
Search ClinicalTrials.gov →External Resources
Links to major genomics databases and tools