INPPL1

Chr 11AR

inositol polyphosphate phosphatase like 1

Also known as: OPSMD, SHIP2

NCBI Gene: 3636 ENSG00000165458 UniProt: O15357

The protein encoded by this gene is an SH2-containing 5'-inositol phosphatase that is involved in the regulation of insulin function. The encoded protein also plays a role in the regulation of epidermal growth factor receptor turnover and actin remodelling. Additionally, this gene supports metastatic growth in breast cancer and is a valuable biomarker for breast cancer. [provided by RefSeq, Jan 2009]

Primary Disease Associations & Inheritance

OpsismodysplasiaMIM #258480

Active trials

Pathogenic / LP

496

ClinVar variants

Pubs (1 yr)

1.6

Missense Z

0.42

LOEUF

Clinical Summary— INPPL1

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Population Constraint (gnomAD)

Constrained for loss-of-function variants (OE-LoF 0.28) despite low pLI — interpret in context.

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ClinVar Variants

19 Pathogenic / Likely Pathogenic· 241 VUS of 496 total submissions

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GeneReview available — INPPL1

Authoritative clinical overview · Recommended first read

Open GeneReview ↗

Some data sources returned errors (1)

pubtator: TimeoutError: The operation was aborted due to timeout

Population Genetics & Constraint

gnomAD v4 — loss-of-function & missense intolerance

gnomAD

Moderate LoF intolerance

LoF Constraint?LOEUF (Loss-of-function Observed/Expected Upper bound Fraction) is the upper bound of the 90% CI for LoF OE — the preferred gnomAD v4 metric. Lower = more intolerant to LoF. LOEUF < 0.35 = highly constrained.

0.42LOEUF

pLI 0.002

Z-score 5.17

OE 0.28 (0.19–0.42)

Moderately constrained

More LoF-intolerant than ~75% of genes

Missense Constraint?Missense Z-score: standard deviations fewer missense variants observed vs. expected. Z > 3.09 (p < 0.001) = gene does not tolerate missense variation. OE missense < 0.6 is also considered constrained.

1.60Z-score

OE missense 0.83 (0.78–0.89)

620 obs / 742.9 exp

Tolerant

Mild missense constraint

Observed / Expected Ratios?Shaded band = 90% confidence interval. Vertical tick = point estimate. Grey threshold line = gnomAD constraint cutoff for that variant class.

LoF OE?Ratio of observed to expected LoF variants. Upper CI bound (LOEUF) ≤ 0.35 = strong LoF constraint signal.0.28 (0.19–0.42)

0≤0.351.4

Missense OE?Ratio of observed to expected missense variants. OE ≤ 0.6 = fewer missense variants than expected by chance.0.83 (0.78–0.89)

0≤0.61.4

Synonymous OE?Control metric — synonymous variants are largely neutral and expected near OE = 1.0. Significant deviation may indicate annotation issues.1.05

0≤1.21.6

LoF obs/exp: 17 / 60.3Missense obs/exp: 620 / 742.9Syn Z: -0.65

0.5674th %ile

GOF

0.6541th %ile

LOF

0.3841th %ile

This gene has evidence for multiple mechanisms of pathogenicity (loss-of-function and gain-of-function). The Badonyi & Marsh model scores gain-of-function highest among its predictions, but genomic evidence (constraint, ClinVar variant spectrum, and literature) most strongly supports loss-of-function (haploinsufficiency). Different variants in this gene may act through different mechanisms — interpret in context of the specific variant.

LOF58% of P/LP variants are LoF · LOEUF 0.42

GOFprediction above median

Note: In-silico variant effect predictors (SIFT, PolyPhen, REVEL, CADD) may underestimate pathogenicity of missense variants in genes with GOF or DN mechanisms. Consider functional evidence and clinical context.

Predictions from Badonyi M, Marsh JA. PLoS ONE. 2024;19(8):e0307312. Mechanism ranking also informed by gnomAD constraint, ClinVar, and ClinGen data.