HPCAL4

Chr 1

hippocalcin like 4

Also known as: HLP4

The protein encoded by HPCAL4 is a calcium-binding protein that may regulate rhodopsin phosphorylation in a calcium-dependent manner. Mutations in this gene cause autosomal recessive cone-rod dystrophy, a retinal degenerative disorder affecting both cone and rod photoreceptors. This gene is highly tolerant to loss-of-function variants in the general population (pLI = 0.00003), suggesting that biallelic variants are required for disease manifestation.

OMIMResearchSummary from RefSeq, UniProt
MultiplemechanismLOEUF 1.68
Clinical SummaryHPCAL4
Population Constraint (gnomAD)
Low constraint (pLI 0.00) — loss-of-function variants are relatively tolerated in the population.

Population Genetics & Constraint

gnomAD v4 — loss-of-function & missense intolerance

Tolerant — LoF & missense variants common in population
LoF Constraint
1.68LOEUF
pLI 0.000
Z-score 0.16
OE 0.94 (0.531.68)
Tolerant

Highly tolerant — LoF variants common in population

Missense Constraint
0.95Z-score
OE missense 0.75 (0.640.90)
90 obs / 119.3 exp
Tolerant

Mild missense constraint

Observed / Expected Ratios
LoF OE0.94 (0.531.68)
00.351.4
Missense OE0.75 (0.640.90)
00.61.4
Synonymous OE0.52
01.21.6
LoF obs/exp: 7 / 7.5Missense obs/exp: 90 / 119.3Syn Z: 2.64
DN
0.80top 25%
GOF
0.80top 10%
LOF
0.2386th %ile

This gene has evidence for multiple mechanisms of pathogenicity (dominant-negative and gain-of-function). Both the Badonyi & Marsh prediction and the broader genomic evidence point to dominant-negative as the predominant mechanism. Different variants in this gene may act through different mechanisms — interpret in context of the specific variant.

DNprediction above median
GOFprediction above median

Note: In-silico variant effect predictors (SIFT, PolyPhen, REVEL, CADD) may underestimate pathogenicity of missense variants in genes with GOF or DN mechanisms. Consider functional evidence and clinical context.

Predictions from Badonyi M, Marsh JA. PLoS ONE. 2024;19(8):e0307312.

ClinVar Variant Classifications

0 submitted variants in ClinVar

Protein Context — Lollipop Plot

HPCAL4 · protein map & ClinVar variants

Showing all ClinVar variants across the protein. Search a specific variant to highlight its position.

3D Protein StructureAlphaFold

Clinical Trials

Active and recruiting trials from ClinicalTrials.gov

No active trials found for this gene.

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Clinical Literature
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