HMOX1

Chr 22AR

heme oxygenase 1

Also known as: HMOX1D, HO-1, HSP32, bK286B10

NCBI Gene: 3162ENSG00000100292UniProt: P09601

Heme oxygenase, an essential enzyme in heme catabolism, cleaves heme to form biliverdin, which is subsequently converted to bilirubin by biliverdin reductase, and carbon monoxide, a putative neurotransmitter. Heme oxygenase activity is induced by its substrate heme and by various nonheme substances. Heme oxygenase occurs as 2 isozymes, an inducible heme oxygenase-1 and a constitutive heme oxygenase-2. HMOX1 and HMOX2 belong to the heme oxygenase family. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

Primary Disease Associations & Inheritance

{Pulmonary disease, chronic obstructive, susceptibility to}MIM #606963
Heme oxygenase-1 deficiencyMIM #614034
AR
UniProtHeme oxygenase 1 deficiency
0
ClinVar variants
0
Pathogenic / LP
0.01
pLI score
2
Active trials
Clinical Summary— HMOX1
⚡
Population Constraint (gnomAD)
Low constraint (pLI 0.01) — loss-of-function variants are relatively tolerated in the population.
💊
Clinical Trials
2 active or recruiting trials — potential therapeutic options may be available
Some data sources returned errors (1)

clinvarCount: Error: NCBI fetch failed: 429 https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/esearch.fcgi

Population Genetics & Constraint

gnomAD v4 — loss-of-function & missense intolerance

gnomAD
Tolerant — LoF & missense variants common in population
LoF Constraint?LOEUF (Loss-of-function Observed/Expected Upper bound Fraction) is the upper bound of the 90% CI for LoF OE — the preferred gnomAD v4 metric. Lower = more intolerant to LoF. LOEUF < 0.35 = highly constrained.
0.93LOEUF
pLI 0.010
Z-score 1.75
OE 0.44 (0.23–0.93)
Tolerant

Typical tolerance to LoF variation

Missense Constraint?Missense Z-score: standard deviations fewer missense variants observed vs. expected. Z > 3.09 (p < 0.001) = gene does not tolerate missense variation. OE missense < 0.6 is also considered constrained.
-0.52Z-score
OE missense 1.11 (0.99–1.25)
190 obs / 170.9 exp
Tolerant

Tolerant to missense variation

Observed / Expected Ratios?Shaded band = 90% confidence interval. Vertical tick = point estimate. Grey threshold line = gnomAD constraint cutoff for that variant class.
LoF OE?Ratio of observed to expected LoF variants. Upper CI bound (LOEUF) ≤ 0.35 = strong LoF constraint signal.0.44 (0.23–0.93)
0≤0.351.4
Missense OE?Ratio of observed to expected missense variants. OE ≤ 0.6 = fewer missense variants than expected by chance.1.11 (0.99–1.25)
0≤0.61.4
Synonymous OE?Control metric — synonymous variants are largely neutral and expected near OE = 1.0. Significant deviation may indicate annotation issues.1.15
0≤1.21.6
LoF obs/exp: 5 / 11.3Missense obs/exp: 190 / 170.9Syn Z: -0.95

ClinVar Variant Classifications

0 submitted variants in ClinVar

ClinVar

Protein Context — Lollipop Plot

HMOX1 · protein map & ClinVar variants

Showing all ClinVar variants across the protein. Search a specific variant to highlight its position.

OMIM — Genotype-Phenotype Relationships

1 OMIM entry

OMIM
HEME OXYGENASE 1; HMOX1
MIM #141250 · *

{Pulmonary disease, chronic obstructive, susceptibility to}

MIM #606963

Molecular basis of disorder known

Heme oxygenase-1 deficiency

MIM #614034

Molecular basis of disorder known

Autosomal recessive
Clinical Literature
Landmark / reviewRecent case evidence
Key Publications
Landmark & review papers · by relevance
PubMed
Donafenib and GSK-J4 Synergistically Induce Ferroptosis in Liver Cancer by Upregulating HMOX1 Expression.
Zheng C et al.·Adv Sci (Weinh)
2023
Cellular senescence-associated gene IFI16 promotes HMOX1-dependent evasion of ferroptosis and radioresistance in glioblastoma.
Zhou Y et al.·Nat Commun
2025
The nephropathy of sickle cell trait and sickle cell disease.
Ataga KI et al.·Nat Rev Nephrol
2022Review
Iron-loaded cancer-associated fibroblasts induce immunosuppression in prostate cancer.
Zhang K et al.·Nat Commun
2024
PRMT1 driven PTX3 regulates ferritinophagy in glioma.
Lathoria K et al.·Autophagy
2023
HMOX1-LDHB interaction promotes ferroptosis by inducing mitochondrial dysfunction in foamy macrophages during advanced atherosclerosis.
Peng X et al.·Dev Cell
2025
Propafenone facilitates mitochondrial-associated ferroptosis and synergizes with immunotherapy in melanoma.
Zhou Q et al.·J Immunother Cancer
2024
PRMT6-mediated ADMA promotes p62 phase separation to form a negative feedback loop in ferroptosis.
Feng L et al.·Theranostics
2024
Histone acetyltransferase Kat2a regulates ferroptosis via enhancing Tfrc and Hmox1 expression in diabetic cardiomyopathy.
Zhen J et al.·Cell Death Dis
2024
Characterization of dipyridamole as a novel ferroptosis inhibitor and its therapeutic potential in acute respiratory distress syndrome management.
Chen X et al.·Theranostics
2024
Top 10 resultsSearch PubMed ↗
Recent Gene-Specific Literature
Gene in title · MEDLINE · newest first
Europe PMC
Top 5 resultsSearch Europe PMC ↗

Clinical Trials

Active and recruiting trials from ClinicalTrials.gov

ClinicalTrials.gov
Parkinson DiseaseGait AnalysisTherapy, Directly Observed

Motor Function Efficacy of Pharmacological Treatments Targeting Energy Metabolism, in Parkinson's Patients

NOT YET RECRUITING
NCT05855577Phase PHASE4I.R.C.C.S. Fondazione Santa LuciaStarted 2023-12
Terazosin
Rheumatoid ArthritisOsteoarthritisSarcopenia

Effect of Exercise Type on Muscle Quality in Patients With OA, SARC and RA: an Explorative Study

NOT YET RECRUITING
NCT06480643Phase NAAmsterdam UMC, location VUmcStarted 2024-12-01
High load exercise typeLow load exercise type

External Resources

Links to major genomics databases and tools