HARS1

Chr 5ADAR

histidyl-tRNA synthetase 1

Also known as: CMT2W, HARS, HRS, USH3B

The protein encoded by HARS1 is a cytoplasmic aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase that synthesizes histidyl-transfer RNA, essential for incorporating histidine into proteins during translation. Mutations cause Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease axonal type 2W (autosomal dominant) and Usher syndrome type 3B (autosomal recessive). The pathogenic mechanism appears to involve dominant-negative effects for the dominant form, while the recessive form likely results from loss of enzymatic function.

GeneReviewsOMIMResearchSummary from RefSeq, OMIM, UniProt, Mechanism
DNmechanismAD/ARLOEUF 0.762 OMIM phenotypes
Clinical SummaryHARS1
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Gene-Disease Validity (ClinGen)
Usher syndrome type 3 · ARRefuted

Refuted — evidence has disproved this relationship

Population Constraint (gnomAD)
Low constraint (pLI 0.00) — loss-of-function variants are relatively tolerated in the population.
📖
GeneReview available — HARS1
Authoritative clinical overview · Recommended first read
Open GeneReview ↗

Population Genetics & Constraint

gnomAD v4 — loss-of-function & missense intolerance

Tolerant — LoF & missense variants common in population
LoF Constraint
0.76LOEUF
pLI 0.000
Z-score 2.54
OE 0.49 (0.320.76)
Tolerant

Typical tolerance to LoF variation

Missense Constraint
1.26Z-score
OE missense 0.80 (0.710.89)
239 obs / 300.5 exp
Tolerant

Mild missense constraint

Observed / Expected Ratios
LoF OE0.49 (0.320.76)
00.351.4
Missense OE0.80 (0.710.89)
00.61.4
Synonymous OE0.85
01.21.6
LoF obs/exp: 14 / 28.7Missense obs/exp: 239 / 300.5Syn Z: 1.23
Curated Mechanism (G2P)Gene2Phenotype (DDG2P) ↗
limitedHARS1-related Usher syndromeOTHERAR

Predictions shown for reference only — model trained on dominant genes, not applicable to AR conditions.

DN
0.7133th %ile
GOF
0.5071th %ile
LOF
0.3552th %ile

The Badonyi & Marsh prediction model was trained exclusively on dominant disease genes. Predictions are not reliable for genes with autosomal recessive inheritance and are shown at reduced opacity for reference only.

Literature Evidence

DNEvidence for a dominant-negative mechanism in HARS1-mediated peripheral neuropathy.PMID:32940403

Predictions from Badonyi M, Marsh JA. PLoS ONE. 2024;19(8):e0307312.

ClinVar Variant Classifications

0 submitted variants in ClinVar

Protein Context — Lollipop Plot

HARS1 · protein map & ClinVar variants

Showing all ClinVar variants across the protein. Search a specific variant to highlight its position.

3D Protein StructureAlphaFold

Clinical Trials

Active and recruiting trials from ClinicalTrials.gov

No active trials found for this gene.

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Clinical Literature
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