GPN2

Chr 1

GPN-loop GTPase 2

Also known as: ATPBD1B

GPN2 is a small GTPase that ensures proper nuclear import and assembly of RNA polymerase II and III complexes. Mutations cause autosomal recessive developmental and epileptic encephalopathy with microcephaly, typically presenting in early infancy with severe intellectual disability, seizures, and progressive brain atrophy. The gene shows moderate constraint against loss-of-function variants, consistent with its essential role in RNA polymerase function.

OMIMResearchSummary from RefSeq, UniProt
MultiplemechanismLOEUF 0.85
Clinical SummaryGPN2
Population Constraint (gnomAD)
Low constraint (pLI 0.01) — loss-of-function variants are relatively tolerated in the population.
📋
ClinVar Variants
6 unique Pathogenic / Likely Pathogenic· 60 VUS of 73 total submissions

Population Genetics & Constraint

gnomAD v4 — loss-of-function & missense intolerance

Tolerant — LoF & missense variants common in population
LoF Constraint
0.85LOEUF
pLI 0.014
Z-score 1.94
OE 0.41 (0.210.85)
Tolerant

Typical tolerance to LoF variation

Missense Constraint
0.17Z-score
OE missense 0.96 (0.851.09)
175 obs / 181.5 exp
Tolerant

Mild missense constraint

Observed / Expected Ratios
LoF OE0.41 (0.210.85)
00.351.4
Missense OE0.96 (0.851.09)
00.61.4
Synonymous OE1.15
01.21.6
LoF obs/exp: 5 / 12.3Missense obs/exp: 175 / 181.5Syn Z: -1.02
DN
0.74top 25%
GOF
0.6541th %ile
LOF
0.2583th %ile

This gene has evidence for multiple mechanisms of pathogenicity (dominant-negative and gain-of-function). Both the Badonyi & Marsh prediction and the broader genomic evidence point to dominant-negative as the predominant mechanism. Different variants in this gene may act through different mechanisms — interpret in context of the specific variant.

DNprediction above median
GOFprediction above median

Note: In-silico variant effect predictors (SIFT, PolyPhen, REVEL, CADD) may underestimate pathogenicity of missense variants in genes with GOF or DN mechanisms. Consider functional evidence and clinical context.

Predictions from Badonyi M, Marsh JA. PLoS ONE. 2024;19(8):e0307312.

ClinVar Variant Classifications

73 submitted variants in ClinVar

Classification Summary

Pathogenic5
Likely Pathogenic1
VUS60
Likely Benign1
5
Pathogenic
1
Likely Pathogenic
60
VUS
1
Likely Benign

Curated Variants Distribution

Classified variants from ClinVar · 5 ACMG categories

ClassificationLoFMissense + InframeNon-codingSynonymousTotal
Pathogenic
0
0
5
0
5
Likely Pathogenic
0
1
0
0
1
VUS
0
55
5
0
60
Likely Benign
0
1
0
0
1
Benign
0
0
0
0
0
Total05710067

LoF = frameshift, stop gained/lost, canonical splice · Counts from ClinVar esearch · Updated hourly

View in ClinVar →

Protein Context — Lollipop Plot

GPN2 · protein map & ClinVar variants

Showing all ClinVar variants across the protein. Search a specific variant to highlight its position.

3D Protein StructureAlphaFold

Clinical Trials

Active and recruiting trials from ClinicalTrials.gov

No active trials found for this gene.

Search ClinicalTrials.gov →
Clinical Literature
Open Research Assistant →
Key Publications
Landmark & review papers · by relevance
PubMed
Top 2 results · since 2015Search PubMed ↗