GP2

Chr 16

glycoprotein 2

Also known as: ZAP75

NCBI Gene: 2813ENSG00000169347UniProt: P55259

This gene encodes an integral membrane protein that is secreted from intracellular zymogen granules and associates with the plasma membrane via glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) linkage. The encoded protein binds pathogens such as enterobacteria, thereby playing an important role in the innate immune response. The C-terminus of this protein is related to the C-terminus of the protein encoded by the neighboring gene, uromodulin (UMOD). Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Jan 2015]

115
ClinVar variants
14
Pathogenic / LP
0.00
pLI score
2
Active trials
Clinical Summary— GP2
⚡
Population Constraint (gnomAD)
Low constraint (pLI 0.00) — loss-of-function variants are relatively tolerated in the population.
📋
ClinVar Variants
14 Pathogenic / Likely Pathogenic· 83 VUS of 115 total submissions
💊
Clinical Trials
2 active or recruiting trials — potential therapeutic options may be available

Population Genetics & Constraint

gnomAD v4 — loss-of-function & missense intolerance

gnomAD
Tolerant — LoF & missense variants common in population
LoF Constraint?LOEUF (Loss-of-function Observed/Expected Upper bound Fraction) is the upper bound of the 90% CI for LoF OE — the preferred gnomAD v4 metric. Lower = more intolerant to LoF. LOEUF < 0.35 = highly constrained.
1.42LOEUF
pLI 0.000
Z-score -0.25
OE 1.05 (0.79–1.42)
Tolerant

Highly tolerant — LoF variants common in population

Missense Constraint?Missense Z-score: standard deviations fewer missense variants observed vs. expected. Z > 3.09 (p < 0.001) = gene does not tolerate missense variation. OE missense < 0.6 is also considered constrained.
0.70Z-score
OE missense 0.89 (0.80–0.98)
274 obs / 308.4 exp
Tolerant

Mild missense constraint

Observed / Expected Ratios?Shaded band = 90% confidence interval. Vertical tick = point estimate. Grey threshold line = gnomAD constraint cutoff for that variant class.
LoF OE?Ratio of observed to expected LoF variants. Upper CI bound (LOEUF) ≤ 0.35 = strong LoF constraint signal.1.05 (0.79–1.42)
0≤0.351.4
Missense OE?Ratio of observed to expected missense variants. OE ≤ 0.6 = fewer missense variants than expected by chance.0.89 (0.80–0.98)
0≤0.61.4
Synonymous OE?Control metric — synonymous variants are largely neutral and expected near OE = 1.0. Significant deviation may indicate annotation issues.1.14
0≤1.21.6
LoF obs/exp: 31 / 29.5Missense obs/exp: 274 / 308.4Syn Z: -1.23

ClinVar Variant Classifications

115 submitted variants in ClinVar

ClinVar

Classification Summary

Pathogenic14
VUS83
Likely Benign8
Benign4
14
Pathogenic
83
VUS
8
Likely Benign
4
Benign

Curated Variants Distribution

Classified variants from ClinVar · 5 ACMG categories

ClassificationLoFMissense + InframeNon-codingSynonymousTotal
Pathogenic
0
0
14
0
14
Likely Pathogenic
0
0
0
0
0
VUS
0
77
6
0
83
Likely Benign
0
7
0
1
8
Benign
0
1
0
3
4
Total085204109

LoF = frameshift, stop gained/lost, canonical splice · Counts from ClinVar esearch · Updated hourly

View in ClinVar →

Protein Context — Lollipop Plot

GP2 · protein map & ClinVar variants

Showing all ClinVar variants across the protein. Search a specific variant to highlight its position.

OMIM — Genotype-Phenotype Relationships

1 OMIM entry

OMIM
Clinical Literature
Landmark / reviewRecent case evidence
Key Publications
Landmark & review papers · by relevance
PubMed
Prospective cohort study integrating plasma proteomics and machine learning for early risk prediction of prostate cancer.
Chen Y et al.·Int J Surg
2025Cohort
RAB32 Ser71Arg in autosomal dominant Parkinson's disease: linkage, association, and functional analyses.
Gustavsson EK et al.·Lancet Neurol
2024Functional
The GP2 peptide: a HER2/neu-based breast cancer vaccine.
Clive KS et al.·J Surg Oncol
2012Review
Envelope glycoprotein of arenaviruses.
Burri DJ et al.·Viruses
2012Review
Genome-wide association meta-analysis identifies GP2 gene risk variants for pancreatic cancer.
Lin Y et al.·Nat Commun
2020Meta-analysis
Systematic review: new serological markers (anti-glycan, anti-GP2, anti-GM-CSF Ab) in the prediction of IBD patient outcomes.
Bonneau J et al.·Autoimmun Rev
2015Review
Glycoprotein 2 (GP2): grabbing the FimH bacteria into M cells for mucosal immunity.
Ohno H et al.·Gut Microbes
2010Review
The viral approach to breast cancer immunotherapy.
Arab A et al.·J Cell Physiol
2019Review
Serological biomarkers for management of primary sclerosing cholangitis.
Tornai D et al.·World J Gastroenterol
2022Review
Genetics of Parkinson's Disease: From Causes to Treatment.
Westenberger A et al.·Cold Spring Harb Perspect Med
2025Review
Top 10 resultsSearch PubMed ↗
Recent Gene-Specific Literature
Gene in title · MEDLINE · newest first
Europe PMC
Tackling a disease on a global scale, the Global Parkinson's Genetics Program, GP2: A new generation of opportunities.
Blauwendraat C et al.·Am J Hum Genet
2025🔓 Open Access
A New Vaccine Candidate Expressing JUNV GP1-GP2 Against Argentine Hemorrhagic Fever Based on Baculovirus Surface Display.
Tomatis C et al.·Curr Microbiol
2025
Analysis of the genetic evolution and recombination of the PRRSV-2 GP2 protein in China from 1996 to 2023.
Liu K et al.·Microbiol Spectr
2025
Estimating the burden of vaccine-preventable lower respiratory tract disease in UK primary care: protocol for a prospective surveillance study (AvonCAP GP2).
Duncan P et al.·BJGP Open
2024🔓 Open Access
A zebrafish gene with sequence similarities to human uromodulin and GP2 displays extensive evolutionary diversification among teleost and confers resistance to bacterial infection.
Naruoka S et al.·Heliyon
2024🔓 Open AccessFunctional
Top 5 resultsSearch Europe PMC ↗

Clinical Trials

Active and recruiting trials from ClinicalTrials.gov

ClinicalTrials.gov
Psoriasis

Exploration of the Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms in Patients Receiving Biotherapies Targeting the IL-23/IL-17 Axis in Cutaneous Psoriasis

RECRUITING
NCT05111210Institut PasteurStarted 2021-12-14
Blood sampleData collectionskin biopsies
Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension

Biomarkers in the Etiology of Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension

RECRUITING
NCT06059703Phase NAUniversity Hospital, MontpellierStarted 2023-11-27
Blood punctionCentral blood samplingIntracranial pressure measurement

External Resources

Links to major genomics databases and tools