GNRHR

Chr 4AR

gonadotropin releasing hormone receptor

Also known as: GNRHR1, GRHR, HH7, LHRHR, LRHR

This gene encodes the gonadotropin-releasing hormone receptor, a G-protein coupled receptor that mediates GnRH signaling to stimulate release of luteinizing hormone and follicle-stimulating hormone from pituitary gonadotropes. Mutations cause autosomal recessive hypogonadotropic hypogonadism without anosmia, affecting reproductive hormone regulation and sexual development. The gene shows moderate constraint against loss-of-function variants (LOEUF 0.75), and detailed clinical management guidance is available in GeneReviews.

OMIMResearchSummary from RefSeq, OMIM, UniProt
MultiplemechanismARLOEUF 0.751 OMIM phenotype
Clinical SummaryGNRHR
Population Constraint (gnomAD)
Constrained for loss-of-function variants (OE-LoF 0.33) despite low pLI — interpret in context.
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Clinical Trials
1 active or recruiting trial — potential therapeutic options may be available

Population Genetics & Constraint

gnomAD v4 — loss-of-function & missense intolerance

Tolerant — LoF & missense variants common in population
LoF Constraint
0.75LOEUF
pLI 0.068
Z-score 2.18
OE 0.33 (0.160.75)
Tolerant

Typical tolerance to LoF variation

Missense Constraint
0.30Z-score
OE missense 0.93 (0.821.07)
155 obs / 165.9 exp
Tolerant

Mild missense constraint

Observed / Expected Ratios
LoF OE0.33 (0.160.75)
00.351.4
Missense OE0.93 (0.821.07)
00.61.4
Synonymous OE1.01
01.21.6
LoF obs/exp: 4 / 12.2Missense obs/exp: 155 / 165.9Syn Z: -0.07
DN
0.81top 10%
GOF
0.77top 25%
LOF
0.2092th %ile

This gene has evidence for multiple mechanisms of pathogenicity (dominant-negative and gain-of-function). Both the Badonyi & Marsh prediction and the broader genomic evidence point to dominant-negative as the predominant mechanism. Different variants in this gene may act through different mechanisms — interpret in context of the specific variant.

DNprediction above median
GOFprediction above median

Note: In-silico variant effect predictors (SIFT, PolyPhen, REVEL, CADD) may underestimate pathogenicity of missense variants in genes with GOF or DN mechanisms. Consider functional evidence and clinical context.

Predictions from Badonyi M, Marsh JA. PLoS ONE. 2024;19(8):e0307312.

ClinVar Variant Classifications

0 submitted variants in ClinVar

Protein Context — Lollipop Plot

GNRHR · protein map & ClinVar variants

Showing all ClinVar variants across the protein. Search a specific variant to highlight its position.

3D Protein StructureAlphaFold
Clinical Literature
Open Research Assistant →
Recent Gene-Specific Literature
Gene in title · MEDLINE · newest first
Europe PMC