GNA11

Chr 19AD

G protein subunit alpha 11

Also known as: FBH, FBH2, FHH2, GNA-11, HG1K, HHC2, HYPOC2

This protein functions as a G protein alpha subunit that transduces signals from G protein-coupled receptors by activating phospholipase C-beta, leading to intracellular calcium signaling cascades. Mutations cause autosomal dominant hypocalcemia or hypocalciuric hypercalcemia, disorders affecting calcium homeostasis and parathyroid hormone sensitivity. The gene is highly constrained against loss-of-function variants (pLI 0.89, LOEUF 0.40), indicating that complete protein loss is likely incompatible with normal development.

GeneReviewsOMIMResearchSummary from RefSeq, OMIM, UniProt
GOFmechanismADLOEUF 0.402 OMIM phenotypes
Clinical SummaryGNA11
Population Constraint (gnomAD)
Moderately constrained gene (pLI 0.89) — some intolerance to loss-of-function variants.
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Clinical Trials
3 active or recruiting trials — potential therapeutic options may be available
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GeneReview available — GNA11
Authoritative clinical overview · Recommended first read
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Population Genetics & Constraint

gnomAD v4 — loss-of-function & missense intolerance

Missense constrained — critical functional residues
LoF Constraint
0.40LOEUF
pLI 0.889
Z-score 3.24
OE 0.13 (0.050.40)
Moderately constrained

More LoF-intolerant than ~75% of genes

Missense Constraint
3.77Z-score
OE missense 0.33 (0.280.40)
84 obs / 252.5 exp
Constrained

Highly missense-constrained (top ~0.1%)

Observed / Expected Ratios
LoF OE0.13 (0.050.40)
00.351.4
Missense OE0.33 (0.280.40)
00.61.4
Synonymous OE1.00
01.21.6
LoF obs/exp: 2 / 15.9Missense obs/exp: 84 / 252.5Syn Z: -0.01
Curated Mechanism (G2P)Gene2Phenotype (DDG2P) ↗
strongGNA11-related congenital hemangiomaGOFAD
DN
0.4289th %ile
GOF
0.6444th %ile
LOF
0.52top 25%

The highest-scoring mechanism for this gene is gain-of-function.

GOFprediction above median · 1 literature citation

Note: In-silico variant effect predictors (SIFT, PolyPhen, REVEL, CADD) may underestimate pathogenicity of missense variants in genes with GOF or DN mechanisms. Consider functional evidence and clinical context.

Literature Evidence

GOFAutosomal dominant hypocalcemia (ADH) types 1 and 2 are due to calcium-sensing receptor (CASR) and G-protein subunit-a11 (GNA11) gain-of-function mutations, respectively, whereas CASR and GNA11 loss-of-function mutations result in familial hypocalciuric hypercalcemia (FHH) types 1 and 2, respectivelPMID:24708097

Predictions from Badonyi M, Marsh JA. PLoS ONE. 2024;19(8):e0307312.

ClinVar Variant Classifications

0 submitted variants in ClinVar

Protein Context — Lollipop Plot

GNA11 · protein map & ClinVar variants

Showing all ClinVar variants across the protein. Search a specific variant to highlight its position.

3D Protein StructureAlphaFold
Clinical Literature
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