GGPS1

Chr 1AR

geranylgeranyl diphosphate synthase 1

Also known as: GGPPS, GGPPS1, MDHLO, MUDHLOV

The protein catalyzes the synthesis of geranylgeranyl diphosphate (GGPP), which is essential for protein prenylation and regulation of nuclear hormone receptors. Biallelic mutations cause muscular dystrophy, congenital hearing loss, and ovarian insufficiency syndrome with autosomal recessive inheritance. The gene shows moderate constraint against loss-of-function variants (LOEUF 0.64), and the syndrome involves multiple organ systems including muscle, auditory, and reproductive systems.

OMIMResearchSummary from RefSeq, OMIM, UniProt
MultiplemechanismARLOEUF 0.641 OMIM phenotype
Clinical SummaryGGPS1
Population Constraint (gnomAD)
Constrained for loss-of-function variants (OE-LoF 0.25) despite low pLI — interpret in context.

Population Genetics & Constraint

gnomAD v4 — loss-of-function & missense intolerance

Tolerant — LoF & missense variants common in population
LoF Constraint
0.64LOEUF
pLI 0.269
Z-score 2.43
OE 0.25 (0.110.64)
Tolerant

Typical tolerance to LoF variation

Missense Constraint
1.22Z-score
OE missense 0.73 (0.620.85)
113 obs / 155.7 exp
Tolerant

Mild missense constraint

Observed / Expected Ratios
LoF OE0.25 (0.110.64)
00.351.4
Missense OE0.73 (0.620.85)
00.61.4
Synonymous OE1.16
01.21.6
LoF obs/exp: 3 / 12.1Missense obs/exp: 113 / 155.7Syn Z: -0.94
DN
0.7133th %ile
GOF
0.7028th %ile
LOF
0.2483th %ile

This gene has evidence for multiple mechanisms of pathogenicity (dominant-negative and gain-of-function). Both the Badonyi & Marsh prediction and the broader genomic evidence point to dominant-negative as the predominant mechanism. Different variants in this gene may act through different mechanisms — interpret in context of the specific variant.

DNprediction above median
GOFprediction above median

Note: In-silico variant effect predictors (SIFT, PolyPhen, REVEL, CADD) may underestimate pathogenicity of missense variants in genes with GOF or DN mechanisms. Consider functional evidence and clinical context.

Predictions from Badonyi M, Marsh JA. PLoS ONE. 2024;19(8):e0307312.

ClinVar Variant Classifications

0 submitted variants in ClinVar

Protein Context — Lollipop Plot

GGPS1 · protein map & ClinVar variants

Showing all ClinVar variants across the protein. Search a specific variant to highlight its position.

3D Protein StructureAlphaFold

Clinical Trials

Active and recruiting trials from ClinicalTrials.gov

No active trials found for this gene.

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Clinical Literature
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