GBA1

Chr 1ADMultiAR

glucosylceramidase beta 1

Also known as: GBA, GCB, GLUC

This gene encodes a lysosomal membrane protein that cleaves the beta-glucosidic linkage of glycosylceramide, an intermediate in glycolipid metabolism. Mutations in this gene cause Gaucher disease, a lysosomal storage disease characterized by an accumulation of glucocerebrosides. A related pseudogene is approximately 12 kb downstream of this gene on chromosome 1. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Jan 2010]

GeneReviewsOMIMResearchGenerating clinical summary…
LOFmechanismAD/Multi/ARLOEUF 0.807 OMIM phenotypes
Clinical SummaryGBA1
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Gene-Disease Validity (ClinGen)
Parkinson disease · ADDefinitive

Definitive — sufficient evidence for diagnostic panels

2 total gene-disease associations curated

Population Constraint (gnomAD)
Low constraint (pLI 0.00) — loss-of-function variants are relatively tolerated in the population.
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ClinVar Variants
367 unique Pathogenic / Likely Pathogenic· 253 VUS of 755 total submissions
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Clinical Trials
12 active or recruiting trials — potential therapeutic options may be available
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GeneReview available — GBA1
Authoritative clinical overview · Recommended first read
Open GeneReview ↗

Population Genetics & Constraint

gnomAD v4 — loss-of-function & missense intolerance

Tolerant — LoF & missense variants common in population
LoF Constraint?
0.80LOEUF
pLI 0.000
Z-score 2.36
OE 0.51 (0.340.80)
Tolerant

Typical tolerance to LoF variation

Missense Constraint?
1.17Z-score
OE missense 0.81 (0.730.90)
248 obs / 305.8 exp
Tolerant

Mild missense constraint

Observed / Expected Ratios?
LoF OE?0.51 (0.340.80)
00.351.4
Missense OE?0.81 (0.730.90)
00.61.4
Synonymous OE?1.05
01.21.6
LoF obs/exp: 14 / 27.3Missense obs/exp: 248 / 305.8Syn Z: -0.40
Curated Mechanism (G2P)Gene2Phenotype (DDG2P) ↗
definitiveGBA1-related Gaucher disease perinatal lethalLOFAR

This gene — mechanism propensity

Predictions shown for reference only — model trained on dominant genes, not applicable to AR conditions.

DN
0.6454th %ile
GOF
0.4776th %ile
LOF
0.3065th %ile

The Badonyi & Marsh prediction model was trained exclusively on dominant disease genes. Predictions are not reliable for genes with autosomal recessive inheritance and are shown at reduced opacity for reference only.

Predictions from Badonyi M, Marsh JA. PLoS ONE. 2024;19(8):e0307312.

ClinVar Variant Classifications

755 submitted variants in ClinVar

Classification Summary

Pathogenic90
Likely Pathogenic277
VUS253
Likely Benign51
Benign6
Conflicting64
90
Pathogenic
277
Likely Pathogenic
253
VUS
51
Likely Benign
6
Benign
64
Conflicting

Curated Variants Distribution

Classified variants from ClinVar · 5 ACMG categories

ClassificationLoFMissense + InframeNon-codingSynonymousTotal
Pathogenic
48
40
2
0
90
Likely Pathogenic
114
158
5
0
277
VUS
5
193
27
28
253
Likely Benign
0
2
7
42
51
Benign
0
1
5
0
6
Conflicting
64
Total1673944670741

LoF = frameshift, stop gained/lost, canonical splice · Counts from ClinVar esearch · Updated hourly

View in ClinVar →

19 pathogenic / likely-pathogenic (of 27) ClinVar copy-number / structural variants overlap GBA1 — these span large chromosomal regions, not the gene specifically, and are excluded from the counts above. Explore in CNV tools →

Protein Context — Lollipop Plot

GBA1 · protein map & ClinVar variants

Showing all ClinVar variants across the protein. Search a specific variant to highlight its position.

Clinical Trials

Active and recruiting trials from ClinicalTrials.gov

Parkinson's Disease

Efficacy, Safety, Tolerability, Pharmacodynamics, and Pharmacokinetics of BIA 28-6156 in GBA-PD

ACTIVE NOT RECRUITING
NCT05819359Phase PHASE2Bial R&D Investments, S.A.Started 2023-03-31
BIA 28-6156 10 mgBIA 28-6156 60 mgPlacebo
Parkinson DiseaseGBA Gene MutationGaucher Disease

The GBA Multimodal Study in Parkinson's Disease

RECRUITING
NCT04101968Pacific Parkinson's Research CentreStarted 2019-05-01
PET scanneuroQWERTY
Parkinson Disease

Effectiveness of Cognitive Stimulation Treatment in Patients With Parkinson's Disease

RECRUITING
NCT06323278Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda, Ospedale Maggiore PoliclinicoStarted 2021-12-21
Cognitive training
Gaucher Disease, Type 2

Phase 1/2 Clinical Trial of PR001 in Infants With Type 2 Gaucher Disease (PROVIDE)

ACTIVE NOT RECRUITING
NCT04411654Phase PHASE1, PHASE2Prevail TherapeuticsStarted 2021-06-29
LY3884961MethylprednisoloneSirolimus
Parkinson's Disease (PD)GBA1 Parkinson DiseaseREM Sleep Behavior Disorder (iRBD)

Understanding Alpha-Synuclein Spread in Parkinson's Disease Through Blood Biomarkers and Neuroimaging

NOT YET RECRUITING
NCT07474779Phase NAUniversity of PaviaStarted 2026-05-11
brain imagingblood drawSkin biopsy
Parkinson DiseaseNervous System DisorderNeurodegenerative Diseases

Molecular and Functional Imaging in Monogenic PD.

RECRUITING
NCT05518617University of ExeterStarted 2022-07-01
Positron Emission Tomography (PET) scan using DASB tracer
Gaucher DiseaseParkinson DiseaseGBA Gene Mutation

World Data on Ambroxol for Patients With GD and GBA Related PD

RECRUITING
NCT04388969Shaare Zedek Medical CenterStarted 2020-05-06
Parkinson Disease

Non Motor Symptoms in Glucocerebrosidase-related Parkinson's Disease

ENROLLING BY INVITATION
NCT06451419Juan Pablo Romero. MD, PhDStarted 2024-07-01
Tests on non motor symptoms
Parkinson's Disease

Genotypic Influences on Network Progression in Parkinson's Disease

ACTIVE NOT RECRUITING
NCT04228172Northwell HealthStarted 2020-02-24
DNA/GeneticTestingFDG PET scanMRI scan
Gaucher Disease

Screening for Gaucher Disease and Acid Sphingomyelinase Deficiency

NOT YET RECRUITING
NCT06258577Chung-Hsing WangStarted 2024-05-01
Type II Gaucher Disease

An Exploratory Clinical Trial of VGN-R08b in Patients With Type II Gaucher Disease

RECRUITING
NCT06272149Phase EARLY_PHASE1Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineStarted 2023-03-01
VGN-R08b
Parkinson's Disease (PD)

A Clinical Study to Evaluate the Safety, Tolerability, and Efficacy of Intracerebral Injection of LY-N001 Injection for the Treatment of Moderate to Advanced Parkinson's Disease With GBA1 Mutations

NOT YET RECRUITING
NCT07685444Phase EARLY_PHASE1Lingyi Biotech Co., Ltd.Started 2026-07-07
LY-N001 Injection