FGL2

Chr 7

fibrinogen like 2

Also known as: T49, pT49

NCBI Gene: 10875ENSG00000127951UniProt: Q14314

The protein encoded by this gene is a secreted protein that is similar to the beta- and gamma-chains of fibrinogen. The carboxyl-terminus of the encoded protein consists of the fibrinogen-related domains (FRED). The encoded protein forms a tetrameric complex which is stabilized by interchain disulfide bonds. This protein may play a role in physiologic functions at mucosal sites. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

48
ClinVar variants
15
Pathogenic / LP
0.00
pLI score
0
Active trials
Clinical Summary— FGL2
⚡
Population Constraint (gnomAD)
Low constraint (pLI 0.00) — loss-of-function variants are relatively tolerated in the population.
📋
ClinVar Variants
15 Pathogenic / Likely Pathogenic· 31 VUS of 48 total submissions
Some data sources returned errors (1)

clinvar: Error: NCBI fetch failed: 429 https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/esearch.fcgi

Population Genetics & Constraint

gnomAD v4 — loss-of-function & missense intolerance

gnomAD
Tolerant — LoF & missense variants common in population
LoF Constraint?LOEUF (Loss-of-function Observed/Expected Upper bound Fraction) is the upper bound of the 90% CI for LoF OE — the preferred gnomAD v4 metric. Lower = more intolerant to LoF. LOEUF < 0.35 = highly constrained.
1.01LOEUF
pLI 0.000
Z-score 1.54
OE 0.58 (0.35–1.01)
Tolerant

Highly tolerant — LoF variants common in population

Missense Constraint?Missense Z-score: standard deviations fewer missense variants observed vs. expected. Z > 3.09 (p < 0.001) = gene does not tolerate missense variation. OE missense < 0.6 is also considered constrained.
0.58Z-score
OE missense 0.89 (0.80–1.00)
205 obs / 230.0 exp
Tolerant

Mild missense constraint

Observed / Expected Ratios?Shaded band = 90% confidence interval. Vertical tick = point estimate. Grey threshold line = gnomAD constraint cutoff for that variant class.
LoF OE?Ratio of observed to expected LoF variants. Upper CI bound (LOEUF) ≤ 0.35 = strong LoF constraint signal.0.58 (0.35–1.01)
0≤0.351.4
Missense OE?Ratio of observed to expected missense variants. OE ≤ 0.6 = fewer missense variants than expected by chance.0.89 (0.80–1.00)
0≤0.61.4
Synonymous OE?Control metric — synonymous variants are largely neutral and expected near OE = 1.0. Significant deviation may indicate annotation issues.0.96
0≤1.21.6
LoF obs/exp: 9 / 15.6Missense obs/exp: 205 / 230.0Syn Z: 0.32

ClinVar Variant Classifications

48 submitted variants in ClinVar

ClinVar

Classification Summary

Pathogenic14
Likely Pathogenic1
VUS31
Likely Benign2
14
Pathogenic
1
Likely Pathogenic
31
VUS
2
Likely Benign

Curated Variants Distribution

Classified variants from ClinVar · 5 ACMG categories

ClassificationLoFMissense + InframeNon-codingSynonymousTotal
Pathogenic
0
0
14
0
14
Likely Pathogenic
0
0
1
0
1
VUS
1
24
6
0
31
Likely Benign
0
1
1
0
2
Benign
0
0
0
0
0
Total12522048

LoF = frameshift, stop gained/lost, canonical splice · Counts from ClinVar esearch · Updated hourly

View in ClinVar →

Protein Context — Lollipop Plot

FGL2 · protein map & ClinVar variants

Showing all ClinVar variants across the protein. Search a specific variant to highlight its position.

OMIM — Genotype-Phenotype Relationships

1 OMIM entry

OMIM
FIBRINOGEN-LIKE 2; FGL2
MIM #605351 · *
Clinical Literature
Landmark / reviewRecent case evidence
Key Publications
Landmark & review papers · by relevance
PubMed
FGL2 as a predictive biomarker for prognosis and immunotherapy in bladder cancer.
Huang Z et al.·Int J Med Sci
2024
Macrophage-derived Fgl2 dampens antitumor immunity through regulation of FcγRIIB+CD8+ T cells in melanoma.
Bennion KB et al.·JCI Insight
2025
Fibrinogen-like protein 2 in gastrointestinal stromal tumour.
Pulkka OP et al.·J Cell Mol Med
2022
Fibrinogen-like 2 in tumor-associated macrophage-derived extracellular vesicles shapes an immunosuppressive microenvironment in colorectal liver metastases by promoting tumor stemness and neutrophil extracellular traps formation.
Zhou M et al.·Cancer Lett
2025
The FGL2 prothrombinase contributes to the pathological process of experimental pulmonary hypertension.
Fan C et al.·J Appl Physiol (1985)
2019
Fibrinogen-Like Protein 2 (FGL2) is a Novel Biomarker for Clinical Prediction of Human Breast Cancer.
Feng Y et al.·Med Sci Monit
2020
Analysis of joint protein expression profile in anterior disc displacement of TMJ with or without OA.
Zou L et al.·Oral Dis
2024
Susceptibility versus resistance in alveolar echinococcosis (larval infection with Echinococcus multilocularis).
Gottstein B et al.·Vet Parasitol
2015Review
Transcriptomic signatures in peripheral CD4(+)T-lymphocytes may reflect melanoma staging and immunotherapy responsiveness prior to ICI initiation.
Palli E et al.·Front Immunol
2025
Multi-omic approach associates blood methylome with bronchodilator drug response in pediatric asthma.
Perez-Garcia J et al.·J Allergy Clin Immunol
2023
Top 10 resultsSearch PubMed ↗
Recent Gene-Specific Literature
Gene in title · MEDLINE · newest first
Europe PMC
Knockdown of FGL2 ameliorates retinal microvascular endothelial cell injury and oxidative stress in diabetic retinopathy.
Yang H et al.·Microvasc Res
2026
Novel FGL2::PDGFD and TGFBI::PDGFB Fusions Expand the Molecular Spectrum of Dermatofibrosarcoma Protuberans.
Cloutier JM et al.·Genes Chromosomes Cancer
2026
Association of Serum FGL2 Levels with Asthma Severity and Airway Remodeling.
Hou H et al.·Int Arch Allergy Immunol
2025Functional
Hypoxia-preconditioned cardiomyocyte-derived extracellular vesicles alleviate myocardial ischemic injury by reprogramming macrophage polarization via the Fgl2/NF-κB pathway.
Zhang Z et al.·Int Immunopharmacol
2026
Fgl2-knockout tumor cells serve as a vaccine inducing long-duration brain-resident memory T cells that reject subsequent intracranial tumor cell challenges.
Zhang S et al.·Cancer Lett
2026
Top 5 resultsSearch Europe PMC ↗

Clinical Trials

Active and recruiting trials from ClinicalTrials.gov

ClinicalTrials.gov

No active trials found for this gene.

Search ClinicalTrials.gov →

External Resources

Links to major genomics databases and tools