ERCC5

Chr 13AR

ERCC excision repair 5, endonuclease

Also known as: COFS3, ERCC5-201, ERCM2, UVDR, XPG, XPGC

This gene encodes a single-strand DNA endonuclease that makes the 3' incision during nucleotide excision repair following UV-induced DNA damage and is involved in transcription-coupled DNA repair. Biallelic mutations cause xeroderma pigmentosum group G, characterized by extreme UV sensitivity and increased skin cancer risk, with some patients also developing Cockayne syndrome featuring severe growth defects and intellectual disability, or the more severe cerebrooculofacioskeletal syndrome with early-onset neurodegeneration. The gene follows autosomal recessive inheritance and is highly constrained against loss-of-function variants.

GeneReviewsOMIMResearchSummary from RefSeq, OMIM, UniProt
LOFmechanismARLOEUF 0.813 OMIM phenotypes
Clinical SummaryERCC5
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Gene-Disease Validity (ClinGen)
xeroderma pigmentosum group G · ARDefinitive

Definitive — sufficient evidence for diagnostic panels

Population Constraint (gnomAD)
Low constraint (pLI 0.00) — loss-of-function variants are relatively tolerated in the population.
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ClinVar Variants
117 unique Pathogenic / Likely Pathogenic· 176 VUS of 500 total submissions
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Clinical Trials
2 active or recruiting trials — potential therapeutic options may be available
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GeneReview available — ERCC5
Authoritative clinical overview · Recommended first read
Open GeneReview ↗

Population Genetics & Constraint

gnomAD v4 — loss-of-function & missense intolerance

Tolerant — LoF & missense variants common in population
LoF Constraint
0.81LOEUF
pLI 0.000
Z-score 2.64
OE 0.59 (0.430.81)
Tolerant

Typical tolerance to LoF variation

Missense Constraint
0.12Z-score
OE missense 0.99 (0.921.05)
628 obs / 636.4 exp
Tolerant

Mild missense constraint

Observed / Expected Ratios
LoF OE0.59 (0.430.81)
00.351.4
Missense OE0.99 (0.921.05)
00.61.4
Synonymous OE1.01
01.21.6
LoF obs/exp: 28 / 47.7Missense obs/exp: 628 / 636.4Syn Z: -0.15
Curated Mechanism (G2P)Gene2Phenotype (DDG2P) ↗
definitiveERCC5-related xeroderma pigmentosum, group GLOFAR

Predictions shown for reference only — model trained on dominant genes, not applicable to AR conditions.

DN
0.6551th %ile
GOF
0.3392th %ile
LOF
0.2968th %ile

The Badonyi & Marsh prediction model was trained exclusively on dominant disease genes. Predictions are not reliable for genes with autosomal recessive inheritance and are shown at reduced opacity for reference only.

Predictions from Badonyi M, Marsh JA. PLoS ONE. 2024;19(8):e0307312.

ClinVar Variant Classifications

500 submitted variants in ClinVar

Classification Summary

Pathogenic78
Likely Pathogenic39
VUS176
Likely Benign145
Benign41
Conflicting20
78
Pathogenic
39
Likely Pathogenic
176
VUS
145
Likely Benign
41
Benign
20
Conflicting

Curated Variants Distribution

Classified variants from ClinVar · 5 ACMG categories

ClassificationLoFMissense + InframeNon-codingSynonymousTotal
Pathogenic
22
0
56
0
78
Likely Pathogenic
30
6
3
0
39
VUS
4
145
21
6
176
Likely Benign
0
6
39
100
145
Benign
0
2
38
1
41
Conflicting
20
Total56159157107499

LoF = frameshift, stop gained/lost, canonical splice · Counts from ClinVar esearch · Updated hourly

View in ClinVar →

Protein Context — Lollipop Plot

ERCC5 · protein map & ClinVar variants

Showing all ClinVar variants across the protein. Search a specific variant to highlight its position.

3D Protein StructureAlphaFold
Clinical Literature
Open Research Assistant →