CXCL2

Chr 4

C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 2

Also known as: CINC-2a, GRO2, GROb, MGSA-b, MIP-2a, MIP2, MIP2A, SCYB2

NCBI Gene: 2920ENSG00000081041UniProt: P19875OMIM: 139110

CXCL2 encodes a chemokine that is produced by activated monocytes and neutrophils at sites of inflammation and suppresses hematopoietic progenitor cell proliferation. The gene shows very low constraint against loss-of-function variants, and no definitive Mendelian diseases have been established for CXCL2 mutations in current databases. Given its role in immune regulation and hematopoiesis, pathogenic variants would likely affect inflammatory responses and blood cell development.

OMIMResearchSummary from RefSeq, UniProt
DNmechanismLOEUF 1.95
Clinical Summary— CXCL2
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Population Constraint (gnomAD)
Low constraint (pLI 0.00) — loss-of-function variants are relatively tolerated in the population.
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ClinVar Variants
22 unique Pathogenic / Likely Pathogenic· 21 VUS of 50 total submissions
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Clinical Trials
3 active or recruiting trials — potential therapeutic options may be available
Explore recent and relevant literature in Research Assistant →

Population Genetics & Constraint

gnomAD v4 — loss-of-function & missense intolerance

gnomAD
Tolerant — LoF & missense variants common in population
LoF Constraint
1.95LOEUF
pLI 0.000
Z-score -1.38
OE 1.68 (0.90–1.95)
Tolerant

Highly tolerant — LoF variants common in population

Missense Constraint
-0.10Z-score
OE missense 1.04 (0.83–1.31)
53 obs / 51.0 exp
Tolerant

Tolerant to missense variation

Observed / Expected Ratios
LoF OE1.68 (0.90–1.95)
0≤0.351.4
Missense OE1.04 (0.83–1.31)
0≤0.61.4
Synonymous OE1.35
0≤1.21.6
LoF obs/exp: 8 / 4.8Missense obs/exp: 53 / 51.0Syn Z: -1.30
DN
0.77top 25%
GOF
0.5268th %ile
LOF
0.2581th %ile

The highest-scoring mechanism for this gene is dominant-negative.

DNprediction above median

Note: In-silico variant effect predictors (SIFT, PolyPhen, REVEL, CADD) may underestimate pathogenicity of missense variants in genes with GOF or DN mechanisms. Consider functional evidence and clinical context.

Predictions from Badonyi M, Marsh JA. PLoS ONE. 2024;19(8):e0307312.

ClinVar Variant Classifications

50 submitted variants in ClinVar

ClinVar

Classification Summary

Pathogenic21
Likely Pathogenic1
VUS21
Likely Benign5
21
Pathogenic
1
Likely Pathogenic
21
VUS
5
Likely Benign

Curated Variants Distribution

Classified variants from ClinVar · 5 ACMG categories

ClassificationLoFMissense + InframeNon-codingSynonymousTotal
Pathogenic
0
0
21
0
21
Likely Pathogenic
0
0
1
0
1
VUS
0
15
6
0
21
Likely Benign
0
4
1
0
5
Benign
0
0
0
0
0
Total01929048

LoF = frameshift, stop gained/lost, canonical splice · Counts from ClinVar esearch · Updated hourly

View in ClinVar →

Protein Context — Lollipop Plot

CXCL2 · protein map & ClinVar variants

Showing all ClinVar variants across the protein. Search a specific variant to highlight its position.

3D Protein StructureAlphaFold
Clinical Literature
Open Research Assistant →
Full-Text Mentions
NLP-detected gene mentions in article bodies · via PubTator3
PubTator3
Top 5 full-text resultsSearch PubTator3 ↗
Key Publications
Landmark & review papers · by relevance
PubMed
Top 5 results · since 2015Search PubMed ↗
Recent Gene-Specific Literature
Gene in title · MEDLINE · newest first
Europe PMC
The Predictive Value of Serum CXCL2 and CXCL8 Levels for Early Neurological Deterioration in Patients with Penetrating Artery Disease-Type Ischemic Stroke.
Zhong Y et al.·Int J Neurosci
2026Cohort
CXCL2 affects macrophage antitumor function and immunotherapy efficacy in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma through calcium signaling.
Gu M et al.·Front Immunol
2026
A novel circulating osteoimmunological signature for diagnosis: integrating CXCL2, FYN, galectin-3, and STING in postmenopausal osteoporosis.
Ma S et al.·Front Physiol
2026Open Access
Α-Hederin alleviates psoriasiform skin inflammation by inhibiting NF-κB p65/CXCL2 Axis.
He Y et al.·Int Immunopharmacol
2026
Piperlongumine suppresses YAP-ET-1-CXCL2 signaling to modulates aggressiveness of triple-negative breast cancer cells.
Hsieh MY et al.·Transl Oncol
2026Open Access
Top 5 resultsSearch Europe PMC ↗

External Resources

Links to major genomics databases and tools

Franklin by Genoox
AI-powered variant curation and clinical analysis
DECIPHER
Genomic variants and phenotypes in rare disease patients