The CUL2 protein serves as a core scaffold component of multiple E3 ubiquitin ligase complexes that target specific proteins for degradation, including hypoxia-inducible factors and proteins involved in DNA replication. CUL2 mutations cause autosomal dominant neurodevelopmental disorders with intellectual disability, seizures, and dysmorphic features. This gene is extremely constrained against loss-of-function variants, indicating that CUL2 haploinsufficiency is not well tolerated in humans.

Summary from RefSeq, UniProt
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0
Active trials
19
Pubs (1 yr)
9
P/LP submissions
11%
P/LP missense
0.09
LOEUF· LoF intol.
LOF
Mechanism· predicted
Clinical SummaryCUL2
Population Constraint (gnomAD)
Highly constrained gene — heterozygous loss-of-function variants are very rare in the population (pLI 1.00). One damaged copy is likely sufficient to cause disease.
📋
ClinVar Variants
9 unique Pathogenic / Likely Pathogenic· 77 VUS of 131 total submissions

Population Genetics & Constraint

gnomAD v4 — loss-of-function & missense intolerance

Dual constrained — LoF & missense intolerant
LoF Constraint
0.09LOEUF
pLI 1.000
Z-score 6.49
OE 0.02 (0.010.09)
Highly constrained

Among the most LoF-intolerant genes (~top 3%)

Missense Constraint
3.25Z-score
OE missense 0.54 (0.480.61)
217 obs / 400.2 exp
Constrained

Highly missense-constrained (top ~0.1%)

Observed / Expected Ratios
LoF OE0.02 (0.010.09)
00.351.4
Missense OE0.54 (0.480.61)
00.61.4
Synonymous OE0.91
01.21.6
LoF obs/exp: 1 / 51.0Missense obs/exp: 217 / 400.2Syn Z: 0.80
DN
0.4091th %ile
GOF
0.3986th %ile
LOF
0.64top 25%

The highest-scoring mechanism for this gene is loss-of-function (haploinsufficiency).

LOFprediction above median · LOEUF 0.09

Predictions from Badonyi M, Marsh JA. PLoS ONE. 2024;19(8):e0307312. Mechanism ranking also informed by gnomAD constraint, ClinVar, and ClinGen data.

ClinVar Variant Classifications

131 submitted variants in ClinVar

Classification Summary

Pathogenic8
Likely Pathogenic1
VUS77
Likely Benign7
Benign6
8
Pathogenic
1
Likely Pathogenic
77
VUS
7
Likely Benign
6
Benign

Curated Variants Distribution

Classified variants from ClinVar · 5 ACMG categories

ClassificationLoFMissense + InframeNon-codingSynonymousTotal
Pathogenic
0
0
8
0
8
Likely Pathogenic
0
1
0
0
1
VUS
0
70
7
0
77
Likely Benign
0
1
6
0
7
Benign
0
0
4
2
6
Total07225299

LoF = frameshift, stop gained/lost, canonical splice · Counts from ClinVar esearch · Updated hourly

View in ClinVar →

Protein Context — Lollipop Plot

CUL2 · protein map & ClinVar variants

Showing all ClinVar variants across the protein. Search a specific variant to highlight its position.

Clinical Trials

Active and recruiting trials from ClinicalTrials.gov

No active trials found for this gene.

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Clinical Literature
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