COQ7
Chr 16ARcoenzyme Q7, hydroxylase
Also known as: CAT5, COQ10D8, HMNR9
This gene encodes a mitochondrial hydroxylase that catalyzes a key step in coenzyme Q10 (ubiquinone) biosynthesis and helps stabilize the COQ enzyme complex. Autosomal recessive mutations cause primary coenzyme Q10 deficiency type 8 and distal hereditary motor neuronopathy type 9, affecting mitochondrial function and peripheral motor neurons. The gene is highly intolerant to loss-of-function variants (pLI near 1.0), suggesting complete loss of function may be embryonic lethal, while hypomorphic variants likely underlie the observed recessive phenotypes.
Strong evidence — appropriate for clinical testing
Population Genetics & Constraint
gnomAD v4 — loss-of-function & missense intolerance
Highly tolerant — LoF variants common in population
Tolerant to missense variation
This gene has evidence for multiple mechanisms of pathogenicity (dominant-negative and gain-of-function). Both the Badonyi & Marsh prediction and the broader genomic evidence point to dominant-negative as the predominant mechanism. Different variants in this gene may act through different mechanisms — interpret in context of the specific variant.
Note: In-silico variant effect predictors (SIFT, PolyPhen, REVEL, CADD) may underestimate pathogenicity of missense variants in genes with GOF or DN mechanisms. Consider functional evidence and clinical context.
Predictions from Badonyi M, Marsh JA. PLoS ONE. 2024;19(8):e0307312.
ClinVar Variant Classifications
276 submitted variants in ClinVar
Classification Summary
Curated Variants Distribution
Classified variants from ClinVar · 5 ACMG categories
| Classification | LoF | Missense + Inframe | Non-coding | Synonymous | Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Pathogenic | 2 | 6 | 14 | 0 | 22 |
Likely Pathogenic | 3 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 4 |
VUS | 11 | 88 | 18 | 1 | 118 |
Likely Benign | 1 | 4 | 48 | 40 | 93 |
Benign | 0 | 4 | 15 | 2 | 21 |
Conflicting | — | 10 | |||
| Total | 17 | 103 | 95 | 43 | 268 |
LoF = frameshift, stop gained/lost, canonical splice · Counts from ClinVar esearch · Updated hourly
View in ClinVar →Protein Context — Lollipop Plot
COQ7 · protein map & ClinVar variants
Showing all ClinVar variants across the protein. Search a specific variant to highlight its position.
3D Protein StructureAlphaFold
External Resources
Links to major genomics databases and tools
Clinical Trials
Active and recruiting trials from ClinicalTrials.gov
No active trials found for this gene.
Search ClinicalTrials.gov →External Resources
Links to major genomics databases and tools