CD274

Chr 9AR

CD274 molecule

Also known as: ADMIO5, B7-H, B7H1, PD-L1, PDCD1L1, PDCD1LG1, PDL1, hPD-L1

The protein is an immune inhibitory receptor ligand that regulates T-cell activation and maintains immune tolerance by limiting T-cell effector responses and preventing autoimmunity. Mutations cause autoimmune disease with multisystem involvement and infantile onset, inherited in an autosomal recessive pattern. The gene is not highly constrained against loss-of-function variants.

OMIMResearchSummary from RefSeq, OMIM, UniProt
MultiplemechanismARLOEUF 0.801 OMIM phenotype
Clinical SummaryCD274
Population Constraint (gnomAD)
Low constraint (pLI 0.02) — loss-of-function variants are relatively tolerated in the population.
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Clinical Trials
12 active or recruiting trials — potential therapeutic options may be available

Population Genetics & Constraint

gnomAD v4 — loss-of-function & missense intolerance

Tolerant — LoF & missense variants common in population
LoF Constraint
0.80LOEUF
pLI 0.019
Z-score 2.08
OE 0.38 (0.200.80)
Tolerant

Typical tolerance to LoF variation

Missense Constraint
0.90Z-score
OE missense 0.80 (0.690.93)
123 obs / 154.4 exp
Tolerant

Mild missense constraint

Observed / Expected Ratios
LoF OE0.38 (0.200.80)
00.351.4
Missense OE0.80 (0.690.93)
00.61.4
Synonymous OE1.23
01.21.6
LoF obs/exp: 5 / 13.1Missense obs/exp: 123 / 154.4Syn Z: -1.39
DN
0.80top 25%
GOF
0.75top 25%
LOF
0.1598th %ile

This gene has evidence for multiple mechanisms of pathogenicity (dominant-negative and gain-of-function). Both the Badonyi & Marsh prediction and the broader genomic evidence point to dominant-negative as the predominant mechanism. Different variants in this gene may act through different mechanisms — interpret in context of the specific variant.

DNprediction above median
GOFprediction above median

Note: In-silico variant effect predictors (SIFT, PolyPhen, REVEL, CADD) may underestimate pathogenicity of missense variants in genes with GOF or DN mechanisms. Consider functional evidence and clinical context.

Predictions from Badonyi M, Marsh JA. PLoS ONE. 2024;19(8):e0307312.

ClinVar Variant Classifications

0 submitted variants in ClinVar

Protein Context — Lollipop Plot

CD274 · protein map & ClinVar variants

Showing all ClinVar variants across the protein. Search a specific variant to highlight its position.

3D Protein StructureAlphaFold

Clinical Trials

Active and recruiting trials from ClinicalTrials.gov

Recurrent Lung Non-Small Cell CarcinomaStage IV Lung Cancer AJCC v8

Adding the Immunotherapy Drug Cemiplimab to Usual Treatment for People With Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Who Had Previous Treatment With Platinum Chemotherapy and Immunotherapy (An Expanded Lung-MAP Treatment Trial)

RECRUITING
NCT06616584Phase PHASE2, PHASE3SWOG Cancer Research NetworkStarted 2025-05-22
Biospecimen CollectionCemiplimabComputed Tomography
Ovary Cancer

RC48 in Combination With AK104 and Bevacizumab in OCCC

RECRUITING
NCT06540729Phase PHASE2Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen UniversityStarted 2024-09-24
Disitamab vedotin in combination with AK104 and bevacizumab for the treatment of recurrent and persistent clear cell ovarian cancer
Muscle Invasive Bladder Cancer

Open-Label, Randomised, Multi-Drug, Biomarker-Directed, Phase 1b Study in Pts w/ Muscle Invasive Bladder Cancer

ACTIVE NOT RECRUITING
NCT02546661Phase PHASE1AstraZenecaStarted 2016-12-28
AZD4547MEDI4736Olaparib
Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma, ALK-NegativeAnaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma, ALK-PositiveApocrine Carcinoma

Talimogene Laherparepvec and Nivolumab in Treating Patients With Refractory Lymphomas or Advanced or Refractory Non-melanoma Skin Cancers

ACTIVE NOT RECRUITING
NCT02978625Phase PHASE2National Cancer Institute (NCI)Started 2017-09-27
Biopsy ProcedureBiospecimen CollectionComputed Tomography
Breast AdenocarcinomaEstrogen Receptor- Negative Breast CancerEstrogen Receptor-positive Breast Cancer

Neoadjuvant Pembrolizumab + Decitabine Followed by Std Neoadj Chemo for Locally Advanced HER2- Breast Ca

ACTIVE NOT RECRUITING
NCT02957968Phase PHASE2Virginia Commonwealth UniversityStarted 2017-01-24
DoxorubicinCyclophosphamidePaclitaxel
Non-Small Cell Carcinoma of Lung, TNM Stage 4Non-Small Cell Lung CancerEGFR Gene Mutation

Early Rebiopsy to Identify Biomarkers of Tumor Cell Survival Following EGFR, ALK, ROS1 or BRAF TKI Therapy

RECRUITING
NCT03042221University of Colorado, DenverStarted 2016-05-10
Recurrent Lung Non-Small Cell CarcinomaStage IV Lung Cancer AJCC v8

Ramucirumab Plus Pembrolizumab vs Usual Care for Treatment of Stage IV or Recurrent Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Following Immunotherapy, Pragmatica-Lung Study

ACTIVE NOT RECRUITING
NCT05633602Phase PHASE3SWOG Cancer Research NetworkStarted 2023-03-14
ChemotherapyPembrolizumabRamucirumab
Rare Malignant NeoplasmAdvanced Solid TumorsMetastatic Solid Tumors

Rare Tumor Focused Platform Study of Innovative Therapies and Technologies (PLATFORM2)

NOT YET RECRUITING
NCT07307053Phase PHASE1, PHASE2Cancer Institute and Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical SciencesStarted 2026-01-01
BL-B01D1VSV injectionCVL006
Lung Cancer

Genomic Analysis to Identify a Predictive Biomarker for Immunotherapy

RECRUITING
NCT03578185Se-Hoon LeeStarted 2018-04-11
Squamous Cell Cancer of Head and NeckTriple Negative Breast CancerEpithelial Ovarian Cancer

Study of the Effects of Pembrolizumab in Patients With Advanced Solid Tumors

ACTIVE NOT RECRUITING
NCT02644369Phase PHASE2University Health Network, TorontoStarted 2016-03-21
Pembrolizumab
Non Small Cell Lung Cancer

Efficacy and Safety Analysis of First-Line ABCP Therapy in Advanced SMARCA4-Mutated NSCLC

NOT YET RECRUITING
NCT07093762Fuzhou General HospitalStarted 2025-08-20
Atezolizumab+Bevacizumab+Carboplatin+Paclitaxel
Advanced/Metastatic Malignant Solid Tumors

A Phase I Study to Evaluate the Safety, Tolerability, and PK of HLX43 in Advanced/Metastatic Solid Tumors

RECRUITING
NCT06115642Phase PHASE1Shanghai Henlius BiotechStarted 2023-11-24
HLX43HLX10
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