BHLHE40

Chr 3

basic helix-loop-helix family member e40

Also known as: BHLHB2, Clast5, DEC1, HLHB2, SHARP-2, SHARP2, STRA13, Stra14

This gene encodes a transcriptional repressor that regulates circadian rhythm by negatively controlling clock genes and competing with CLOCK-BMAL1 complexes for E-box binding sites in target gene promoters. The gene is highly constrained against loss-of-function variants (pLI 0.99, LOEUF 0.19), but no specific Mendelian disorders have been definitively associated with BHLHE40 mutations in current medical literature. Given its role in circadian regulation and cardiovascular function, mutations would likely affect sleep-wake cycles and potentially blood pressure regulation, though the inheritance pattern and clinical phenotype remain to be established.

Summary from RefSeq, UniProt
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0
Active trials
60
Pubs (1 yr)
76
P/LP submissions
0%
P/LP missense
0.19
LOEUF· LoF intol.
LOF
Mechanism· predicted
Clinical SummaryBHLHE40
Population Constraint (gnomAD)
Highly constrained gene — heterozygous loss-of-function variants are very rare in the population (pLI 0.99). One damaged copy is likely sufficient to cause disease.
📋
ClinVar Variants
76 unique Pathogenic / Likely Pathogenic· 68 VUS of 155 total submissions

Population Genetics & Constraint

gnomAD v4 — loss-of-function & missense intolerance

LoF intolerant — likely haploinsufficient
LoF Constraint
0.19LOEUF
pLI 0.994
Z-score 3.64
OE 0.00 (0.000.19)
Highly constrained

Highly LoF-intolerant (top ~10% of genes)

Missense Constraint
0.79Z-score
OE missense 0.86 (0.770.96)
212 obs / 246.8 exp
Tolerant

Mild missense constraint

Observed / Expected Ratios
LoF OE0.00 (0.000.19)
00.351.4
Missense OE0.86 (0.770.96)
00.61.4
Synonymous OE0.98
01.21.6
LoF obs/exp: 0 / 15.4Missense obs/exp: 212 / 246.8Syn Z: 0.19
DN
0.3694th %ile
GOF
0.1799th %ile
LOF
0.84top 5%

The highest-scoring mechanism for this gene is loss-of-function (haploinsufficiency).

LOFprediction above median · LOEUF 0.19

Predictions from Badonyi M, Marsh JA. PLoS ONE. 2024;19(8):e0307312. Mechanism ranking also informed by gnomAD constraint, ClinVar, and ClinGen data.

ClinVar Variant Classifications

155 submitted variants in ClinVar

Classification Summary

Pathogenic72
Likely Pathogenic4
VUS68
Likely Benign5
Conflicting1
72
Pathogenic
4
Likely Pathogenic
68
VUS
5
Likely Benign
1
Conflicting

Curated Variants Distribution

Classified variants from ClinVar · 5 ACMG categories

ClassificationLoFMissense + InframeNon-codingSynonymousTotal
Pathogenic
0
0
72
0
72
Likely Pathogenic
0
0
4
0
4
VUS
0
53
15
0
68
Likely Benign
0
2
2
1
5
Benign
0
0
0
0
0
Conflicting
1
Total055931150

LoF = frameshift, stop gained/lost, canonical splice · Counts from ClinVar esearch · Updated hourly

View in ClinVar →

Protein Context — Lollipop Plot

BHLHE40 · protein map & ClinVar variants

Showing all ClinVar variants across the protein. Search a specific variant to highlight its position.

Clinical Trials

Active and recruiting trials from ClinicalTrials.gov

No active trials found for this gene.

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Clinical Literature
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