BEST4

Chr 1

bestrophin 4

Also known as: VMD2L2

BEST4 encodes bestrophin 4, a calcium-activated anion channel that mediates movement of bicarbonate and chloride across cell membranes and is predominantly expressed in the colon. Mutations cause autosomal recessive congenital diarrhea with features including secretory diarrhea from birth and electrolyte abnormalities. The gene shows low constraint to loss-of-function variation, consistent with autosomal recessive inheritance.

OMIMResearchSummary from RefSeq, UniProt
MultiplemechanismLOEUF 0.89
Clinical SummaryBEST4
Population Constraint (gnomAD)
Low constraint (pLI 0.00) — loss-of-function variants are relatively tolerated in the population.

Population Genetics & Constraint

gnomAD v4 — loss-of-function & missense intolerance

Tolerant — LoF & missense variants common in population
LoF Constraint
0.89LOEUF
pLI 0.000
Z-score 1.94
OE 0.55 (0.350.89)
Tolerant

Typical tolerance to LoF variation

Missense Constraint
2.01Z-score
OE missense 0.64 (0.560.73)
159 obs / 248.2 exp
Mild constraint

Moderately missense-constrained (top ~2.5%)

Observed / Expected Ratios
LoF OE0.55 (0.350.89)
00.351.4
Missense OE0.64 (0.560.73)
00.61.4
Synonymous OE0.78
01.21.6
LoF obs/exp: 12 / 21.8Missense obs/exp: 159 / 248.2Syn Z: 1.77
DN
0.79top 25%
GOF
0.85top 5%
LOF
0.1993th %ile

This gene has evidence for multiple mechanisms of pathogenicity (gain-of-function and dominant-negative). Both the Badonyi & Marsh prediction and the broader genomic evidence point to gain-of-function as the predominant mechanism. Different variants in this gene may act through different mechanisms — interpret in context of the specific variant.

GOFprediction above median
DNprediction above median

Note: In-silico variant effect predictors (SIFT, PolyPhen, REVEL, CADD) may underestimate pathogenicity of missense variants in genes with GOF or DN mechanisms. Consider functional evidence and clinical context.

Predictions from Badonyi M, Marsh JA. PLoS ONE. 2024;19(8):e0307312.

ClinVar Variant Classifications

0 submitted variants in ClinVar

Protein Context — Lollipop Plot

BEST4 · protein map & ClinVar variants

Showing all ClinVar variants across the protein. Search a specific variant to highlight its position.

3D Protein StructureAlphaFold

Clinical Trials

Active and recruiting trials from ClinicalTrials.gov

No active trials found for this gene.

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Clinical Literature
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