BCL2

Chr 18

BCL2 apoptosis regulator

Also known as: Bcl-2, PPP1R50

The BCL2 protein is an integral outer mitochondrial membrane protein that suppresses apoptosis by regulating mitochondrial membrane permeability and inhibiting caspase activity, and also functions as an inhibitor of autophagy. Germline mutations cause autosomal dominant immunodeficiency with polyclonal lymphoproliferation, typically presenting in childhood with recurrent infections, lymphadenopathy, and splenomegaly. The gene shows moderate tolerance to loss-of-function variants (LOEUF 0.71), and while BCL2 translocations are well-known in follicular lymphoma, the germline mutations cause a distinct primary immunodeficiency phenotype.

Summary from RefSeq, UniProt
Research Assistant →
12
Active trials
1967
Pubs (1 yr)
97
P/LP submissions
P/LP missense
0.71
LOEUF
GOF
Mechanism· predicted
Clinical SummaryBCL2
Population Constraint (gnomAD)
Moderately constrained gene (pLI 0.56) — some intolerance to loss-of-function variants.
📋
ClinVar Variants
94 unique Pathogenic / Likely Pathogenic· 13 VUS of 124 total submissions
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Clinical Trials
12 active or recruiting trials — potential therapeutic options may be available

Population Genetics & Constraint

gnomAD v4 — loss-of-function & missense intolerance

Moderate LoF intolerance
LoF Constraint
0.71LOEUF
pLI 0.559
Z-score 2.03
OE 0.15 (0.050.71)
Moderately constrained

Typical tolerance to LoF variation

Missense Constraint
1.40Z-score
OE missense 0.67 (0.560.79)
94 obs / 140.6 exp
Tolerant

Mild missense constraint

Observed / Expected Ratios
LoF OE0.15 (0.050.71)
00.351.4
Missense OE0.67 (0.560.79)
00.61.4
Synonymous OE1.04
01.21.6
LoF obs/exp: 1 / 6.7Missense obs/exp: 94 / 140.6Syn Z: -0.28
DN
0.5770th %ile
GOF
0.6541th %ile
LOF
0.4430th %ile

The highest-scoring mechanism for this gene is gain-of-function.

GOFprediction above median

Note: In-silico variant effect predictors (SIFT, PolyPhen, REVEL, CADD) may underestimate pathogenicity of missense variants in genes with GOF or DN mechanisms. Consider functional evidence and clinical context.

Predictions from Badonyi M, Marsh JA. PLoS ONE. 2024;19(8):e0307312.

ClinVar Variant Classifications

124 submitted variants in ClinVar

Classification Summary

Pathogenic87
Likely Pathogenic7
VUS13
Likely Benign1
Benign2
87
Pathogenic
7
Likely Pathogenic
13
VUS
1
Likely Benign
2
Benign

Curated Variants Distribution

Classified variants from ClinVar · 5 ACMG categories· variant type breakdown unavailable

ClassificationLoFMissense + InframeNon-codingSynonymousTotal
Pathogenic
87
Likely Pathogenic
7
VUS
13
Likely Benign
1
Benign
2
Total110

Counts from ClinVar esearch · Updated hourly

View in ClinVar →

Protein Context — Lollipop Plot

BCL2 · protein map & ClinVar variants

Showing all ClinVar variants across the protein. Search a specific variant to highlight its position.

Clinical Trials

Active and recruiting trials from ClinicalTrials.gov

Acute Myeloid Leukemia

Testing Oral Decitabine and Cedazuridine (ASTX727) in Combination With Venetoclax for Higher-Risk Acute Myeloid Leukemia Patients

ACTIVE NOT RECRUITING
NCT04817241Phase PHASE1, PHASE2National Cancer Institute (NCI)Started 2022-02-10
Biospecimen CollectionBone Marrow Aspiration and BiopsyCytarabine
High-grade B-cell LymphomaBurkitt LymphomaLymphoma, B-Cell

Sepantronium Bromide for the Treatment of High-grade B-cell Lymphoma

ACTIVE NOT RECRUITING
NCT05263583Phase PHASE2Cothera Bioscience, IncStarted 2022-12-09
Sepantronium Bromide
Rheumatoid ArthritisOsteoarthritisSarcopenia

Effect of Exercise Type on Muscle Quality in Patients With OA, SARC and RA: an Explorative Study

NOT YET RECRUITING
NCT06480643Phase NAAmsterdam UMC, location VUmcStarted 2024-12-01
High load exercise typeLow load exercise type
Dilated Cardiomyopathy (DCM)BAG3 Mutation Associated Dilated Cardiomyopathy

An AAV Gene Therapy Trial of AFTX-201 in Adults With BAG3-Associated Dilated Cardiomyopathy (DCM)

NOT YET RECRUITING
NCT07426419Phase PHASE1, PHASE2Affinia TherapeuticsStarted 2026-03
AFTX-201
Diffuse Large B-cell-lymphoma

Venetoclax Plus R-ICE Chemotherapy for Relapsed/Refractory Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma

ACTIVE NOT RECRUITING
NCT03064867Phase PHASE1, PHASE2Molly GalloglyStarted 2017-06-26
VenetoclaxRituximabIfosfamide
Chronic Lymphocytic LeukemiaCLLProgressive Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia

Venetoclax Resistance Landscape in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia

RECRUITING
NCT05246345University Hospital, Clermont-FerrandStarted 2022-03-07
Prolymphocytic LeukemiaT-cell Leukemia

Observatory of Prolymphocytic Leukemia T

RECRUITING
NCT04411043French Innovative Leukemia OrganisationStarted 2020-07-01
Molecular caracterization
Myelodysplastic SyndromeRecurrent Myelodysplastic SyndromeRefractory Myelodysplastic Syndrome

Navitoclax in Relapsed or Refractory High-Risk Myelodysplastic Syndrome

ACTIVE NOT RECRUITING
NCT05564650Phase PHASE1Thomas Jefferson UniversityStarted 2023-01-12
NavitoclaxVenetoclaxDecitabine
Thrombocytopenia, IsolatedThrombocytopenia 4CYCS MUTATION- ASSOCIATED THROMBOCYTOPENIA THC4

Unravelling the Role of Apoptosis in Platelets Biogenesis Through the Study of the Thrombocytopenia THC4

ACTIVE NOT RECRUITING
NCT07026578Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo di PaviaStarted 2024-06-18
Blood draw for the laboratory assessment
Accelerated Phase Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia, BCR-ABL1 PositiveAcute Biphenotypic LeukemiaAcute Lymphoblastic Leukemia

Personalized NK Cell Therapy in CBT

RECRUITING
NCT02727803Phase PHASE2M.D. Anderson Cancer CenterStarted 2016-05-19
Allogeneic Natural Killer Cell Line NK-92Anti-Thymocyte GlobulinBusulfan
Acute Myeloid Leucemia

Single Cell Acute Leukemia Analysis

NOT YET RECRUITING
NCT06906978Phase NAAssistance Publique Hopitaux De MarseilleStarted 2025-07-31
blood sampling
Recurrent Diffuse Large B-Cell LymphomaRecurrent High Grade B-Cell Lymphoma With MYC and BCL2 or BCL6 RearrangementsRecurrent Transformed Follicular Lymphoma to Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma

Fecal Microbiome Transplant to Remodel Intestinal Microbiota for Patients With Relapsed or Refractory Lymphoma With Exposure to High-Risk Antibiotics Who Are Receiving Chimeric Antigen Receptor T Cells

RECRUITING
NCT07042438Phase PHASE2City of Hope Medical CenterStarted 2026-02-11
Axicabtagene CiloleucelBiospecimen CollectionChemotherapy
Clinical Literature
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Full-Text Mentions
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