ARID1A

Chr 1AD

AT-rich interaction domain 1A

Also known as: B120, BAF250, BAF250a, BM029, C1orf4, CSS2, ELD, MRD14

The protein functions as a component of SWI/SNF chromatin remodeling complexes that alter DNA-histone contacts in an ATP-dependent manner, with specific roles in neural progenitor-specific (npBAF) and neuron-specific (nBAF) complexes essential for neural stem cell self-renewal and neuronal differentiation. Loss-of-function mutations cause Coffin-Siris syndrome 2, a neurodevelopmental disorder inherited in an autosomal dominant pattern. The gene is highly intolerant to loss-of-function variants, consistent with haploinsufficiency as the disease mechanism.

GeneReviewsOMIMResearchSummary from RefSeq, OMIM, UniProt, Mechanism
LOFmechanismADLOEUF 0.071 OMIM phenotype
Clinical SummaryARID1A
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Gene-Disease Validity (ClinGen)
Coffin-Siris syndrome · ADDefinitive

Definitive — sufficient evidence for diagnostic panels

Population Constraint (gnomAD)
Highly constrained gene — heterozygous loss-of-function variants are very rare in the population (pLI 1.00). One damaged copy is likely sufficient to cause disease.
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ClinVar Variants
11 unique Pathogenic / Likely Pathogenic· 91 VUS of 200 total submissions
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Clinical Trials
12 active or recruiting trials — potential therapeutic options may be available
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GeneReview available — ARID1A
Authoritative clinical overview · Recommended first read
Open GeneReview ↗

Population Genetics & Constraint

gnomAD v4 — loss-of-function & missense intolerance

Dual constrained — LoF & missense intolerant
LoF Constraint
0.07LOEUF
pLI 1.000
Z-score 8.55
OE 0.02 (0.010.07)
Highly constrained

Among the most LoF-intolerant genes (~top 3%)

Missense Constraint
3.66Z-score
OE missense 0.70 (0.660.74)
823 obs / 1176.0 exp
Constrained

Highly missense-constrained (top ~0.1%)

Observed / Expected Ratios
LoF OE0.02 (0.010.07)
00.351.4
Missense OE0.70 (0.660.74)
00.61.4
Synonymous OE1.08
01.21.6
LoF obs/exp: 2 / 89.0Missense obs/exp: 823 / 1176.0Syn Z: -1.27
Curated Mechanism (G2P)Gene2Phenotype (DDG2P) ↗
definitiveARID1A-related Coffin-Siris SyndromeLOFAD
DN
0.15100th %ile
GOF
0.1699th %ile
LOF
0.91top 5%

The highest-scoring mechanism for this gene is loss-of-function (haploinsufficiency).

LOFprediction above median · 1 literature citation · 73% of P/LP variants are LoF · LOEUF 0.07

Literature Evidence

LOFMutations affecting components of the SWI/SNF complex cause Coffin-Siris syndromePMID:22426308

Predictions from Badonyi M, Marsh JA. PLoS ONE. 2024;19(8):e0307312. Mechanism ranking also informed by gnomAD constraint, ClinVar, and ClinGen data.

ClinVar Variant Classifications

200 submitted variants in ClinVar

Classification Summary

Pathogenic8
Likely Pathogenic3
VUS91
Likely Benign63
Benign17
Conflicting8
8
Pathogenic
3
Likely Pathogenic
91
VUS
63
Likely Benign
17
Benign
8
Conflicting

Curated Variants Distribution

Classified variants from ClinVar · 5 ACMG categories

ClassificationLoFMissense + InframeNon-codingSynonymousTotal
Pathogenic
8
0
0
0
8
Likely Pathogenic
0
2
1
0
3
VUS
0
87
1
3
91
Likely Benign
0
15
6
42
63
Benign
0
9
0
8
17
Conflicting
8
Total8113853190

LoF = frameshift, stop gained/lost, canonical splice · Counts from ClinVar esearch · Updated hourly

View in ClinVar →

Protein Context — Lollipop Plot

ARID1A · protein map & ClinVar variants

Showing all ClinVar variants across the protein. Search a specific variant to highlight its position.

3D Protein StructureAlphaFold

Clinical Trials

Active and recruiting trials from ClinicalTrials.gov

Solid Tumor MalignanciesClear Cell Endometrial CarcinomaOvarian Cancer

Efficacy and Safety of the Valemetostat in Patients With Selected Solid Tumors.

RECRUITING
NCT07303387Phase PHASE2Gustave Roussy, Cancer Campus, Grand ParisStarted 2026-03-05
Valemetostat Tosylate
Locally Advanced Bladder Urothelial CarcinomaLocally Advanced Renal Pelvis Urothelial CarcinomaLocally Advanced Ureter Urothelial Carcinoma

ARID1A and/or KDM6A Mutation and CXCL13 Expression

ACTIVE NOT RECRUITING
NCT04953104Phase PHASE2M.D. Anderson Cancer CenterStarted 2021-09-21
Diagnostic Laboratory Biomarker AnalysisNivolumabRelatlimab
Advanced Solid TumorOvarian CancerOvarian Clear Cell Carcinoma

A Phase 1 Clinical Study of NXP800 in Subjects With Advanced Cancers and Expansion in Subjects With Ovarian Cancer

ACTIVE NOT RECRUITING
NCT05226507Phase PHASE1Nuvectis Pharma, Inc.Started 2021-12-31
NXP800
Recurrent Endometrial CarcinomaRecurrent Endometrial Clear Cell AdenocarcinomaRecurrent Endometrial Endometrioid Adenocarcinoma

Testing Different Amounts of the Combination of Drugs M1774 and ZEN-3694 for the Treatment of Recurrent Ovarian and Endometrial Cancer

RECRUITING
NCT05950464Phase PHASE1National Cancer Institute (NCI)Started 2023-12-18
BET Bromodomain Inhibitor ZEN-3694Biopsy ProcedureBiospecimen Collection
Endometrial CancerARID1A Gene MutationRecurrent Endometrial Carcinoma

Avelumab and M1774 in ARID1A-mutated Endometrial Cancer

RECRUITING
NCT06518564Phase PHASE2Panagiotis Konstantinopoulos, MD, PhDStarted 2024-11-14
AvelumabM1774
Endometrial CarcinomaSerous Carcinoma

Niraparib Monotherapy as Maintain and Recurrent Treatment of Endometrial Serous Carcinoma

RECRUITING
NCT04716686Phase PHASE2Shandong UniversityStarted 2021-06-01
Niraparib
Gynaecological Cancers

ATr Inhibitor in Combination With Olaparib/Durvalumab (MEDI4736) in Gynaecological Cancers With ARId1A Loss or no Loss

ACTIVE NOT RECRUITING
NCT04065269Phase PHASE2Institute of Cancer Research, United KingdomStarted 2019-11-27
CeralasertibOlaparibDurvalumab
Advanced Solid TumorDiffuse Large B Cell LymphomaLymphoma, T-Cell

A Study of Tulmimetostat DZR123 (CPI-0209) in Patients With Advanced Solid Tumors and Lymphomas

RECRUITING
NCT04104776Phase PHASE1, PHASE2Novartis PharmaceuticalsStarted 2019-09-18
TulmimetostatEnzalutamide
Solid TumorsER+ Breast CancerTriple Negative Breast Cancer, TNBC

JAB-2485 Activity in Adult Patients With Advanced Solid Tumors

RECRUITING
NCT05490472Phase PHASE1, PHASE2Jacobio Pharmaceuticals Co., Ltd.Started 2022-12-20
JAB-2485 (Aurora A inhibitor)JAB-2485 (Aurora A inhibitor)
Advanced Hepatocellular CarcinomaMetastatic Hepatocellular CarcinomaStage III Hepatocellular Carcinoma AJCC v8

Testing the Addition of an Anti-cancer Drug, Sapanisertib, to the Usual Chemotherapy Treatment (Cabozantinib) in Metastatic Liver Cell Cancer With a Change in Genes for the Protein β-Catenin, The SAPHIRE Trial

RECRUITING
NCT06811116Phase PHASE1, PHASE2National Cancer Institute (NCI)Started 2025-11-17
Biospecimen CollectionCabozantinib S-malateImaging Procedure
Metastatic or Locally Advanced Unresectable Solid Tumors

Study of Tuvusertib (M1774) in Combination With DNA Damage Response Inhibitor or Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor (DDRiver Solid Tumors 320)

ACTIVE NOT RECRUITING
NCT05396833Phase PHASE1EMD Serono Research & Development Institute, Inc.Started 2022-06-07
TuvusertibLartesertibAvelumab
Gastric CancerGastroEsophageal Cancer

Study of SBRT/Olaparib Followed by Pembrolizumab/Olaparib in Gastric Cancers

ACTIVE NOT RECRUITING
NCT05379972Phase PHASE2University of Colorado, DenverStarted 2023-01-12
PembrolizumabOlaparibStereotactic Body Radiation Therapy
Clinical Literature
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