ALYREF

Chr 17

Aly/REF export factor

Also known as: ALY, ALY/REF, BEF, REF, THOC4

NCBI Gene: 10189ENSG00000183684UniProt: Q86V81

The protein encoded by this gene is a heat stable, nuclear protein and functions as a molecular chaperone. It is thought to regulate dimerization, DNA binding, and transcriptional activity of basic region-leucine zipper (bZIP) proteins. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

0
Active trials
21
Pathogenic / LP
34
ClinVar variants
6
Pubs (1 yr)
2.3
Missense Z
0.36
LOEUF
Clinical Summary— ALYREF
⚡
Population Constraint (gnomAD)
Highly constrained gene — heterozygous loss-of-function variants are very rare in the population (pLI 0.93). One damaged copy is likely sufficient to cause disease.
📋
ClinVar Variants
21 Pathogenic / Likely Pathogenic· 9 VUS of 34 total submissions

Population Genetics & Constraint

gnomAD v4 — loss-of-function & missense intolerance

gnomAD
LoF intolerant — likely haploinsufficient
LoF Constraint?LOEUF (Loss-of-function Observed/Expected Upper bound Fraction) is the upper bound of the 90% CI for LoF OE — the preferred gnomAD v4 metric. Lower = more intolerant to LoF. LOEUF < 0.35 = highly constrained.
0.36LOEUF
pLI 0.926
Z-score 2.67
OE 0.00 (0.00–0.36)
Highly constrained

More LoF-intolerant than ~75% of genes

Missense Constraint?Missense Z-score: standard deviations fewer missense variants observed vs. expected. Z > 3.09 (p < 0.001) = gene does not tolerate missense variation. OE missense < 0.6 is also considered constrained.
2.31Z-score
OE missense 0.43 (0.35–0.54)
56 obs / 130.2 exp
Mild constraint

Moderately missense-constrained (top ~2.5%)

Observed / Expected Ratios?Shaded band = 90% confidence interval. Vertical tick = point estimate. Grey threshold line = gnomAD constraint cutoff for that variant class.
LoF OE?Ratio of observed to expected LoF variants. Upper CI bound (LOEUF) ≤ 0.35 = strong LoF constraint signal.0.00 (0.00–0.36)
0≤0.351.4
Missense OE?Ratio of observed to expected missense variants. OE ≤ 0.6 = fewer missense variants than expected by chance.0.43 (0.35–0.54)
0≤0.61.4
Synonymous OE?Control metric — synonymous variants are largely neutral and expected near OE = 1.0. Significant deviation may indicate annotation issues.1.41
0≤1.21.6
LoF obs/exp: 0 / 8.3Missense obs/exp: 56 / 130.2Syn Z: -2.36
DN
0.4883th %ile
GOF
0.3689th %ile
LOF
0.78top 5%

The highest-scoring mechanism for this gene is loss-of-function (haploinsufficiency).

LOFprediction above median · LOEUF 0.36

Predictions from Badonyi M, Marsh JA. PLoS ONE. 2024;19(8):e0307312. Mechanism ranking also informed by gnomAD constraint, ClinVar, and ClinGen data.

ClinVar Variant Classifications

34 submitted variants in ClinVar

ClinVar

Classification Summary

Pathogenic18
Likely Pathogenic3
VUS9
Likely Benign2
Benign2
18
Pathogenic
3
Likely Pathogenic
9
VUS
2
Likely Benign
2
Benign

Curated Variants Distribution

Classified variants from ClinVar · 5 ACMG categories

ClassificationLoFMissense + InframeNon-codingSynonymousTotal
Pathogenic
0
0
18
0
18
Likely Pathogenic
0
0
3
0
3
VUS
0
4
5
0
9
Likely Benign
0
0
0
2
2
Benign
0
0
2
0
2
Total0428234

LoF = frameshift, stop gained/lost, canonical splice · Counts from ClinVar esearch · Updated hourly

View in ClinVar →

Protein Context — Lollipop Plot

ALYREF · protein map & ClinVar variants

Showing all ClinVar variants across the protein. Search a specific variant to highlight its position.

Clinical Trials

Active and recruiting trials from ClinicalTrials.gov

ClinicalTrials.gov

No active trials found for this gene.

Search ClinicalTrials.gov →
Clinical Literature
Landmark / reviewRecent case evidence
Full-Text Mentions
NLP-detected gene mentions in article bodies · via PubTator3
PubTator3
Top 5 full-text resultsSearch PubTator3 ↗
Key Publications
Landmark & review papers · by relevance
PubMed
Top 5 results · since 2015Search PubMed ↗
Recent Gene-Specific Literature
Gene in title · MEDLINE · newest first
Europe PMC
Top 5 resultsSearch Europe PMC ↗

External Resources

Links to major genomics databases and tools

Franklin by Genoox
AI-powered variant curation and clinical analysis
DECIPHER
Genomic variants and phenotypes in rare disease patients